Focal seizures with impaired awareness as long-term neurological complication of COVID-19: a case report

Bozzali, Marco; Grassini, Alberto; Morana, Giovanni; Zotta, Michela; Cabras, Sara; Romagnolo, Alberto; Artusi, Carlo Alberto; Montalenti, Elisa; Rizzone, Mario Giorgio; Garbossa, Diego; Montanaro, Elisa; Cercignani, Mara; Lopiano, Leonardo

doi:10.1007/s10072-021-05233-y

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Epilepsy, a common chronic neurological disease caused by abnormal brain discharge, seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients ( 6 , 7 ). Both objective and subjective stress may exacerbate seizures in patients with epilepsy (PWE) ( 8 , 9 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes to Being Vaccinated Against COVID-19: A Survey of People With Epilepsy in China

et al. 2021

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Objective: We conducted a survey to assess vaccination coverage, vaccination willingness, and variables associated with vaccination hesitancy to provide evidence on coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination strategies.Methods: This anonymous questionnaire study conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional survey of outpatients and inpatients with epilepsy (PWE) registered in epilepsy clinics, in 2021, in 10 hospitals in seven cities of Shandong Province.Results: A total of 600 questionnaires were distributed, and 557 valid questionnaires were returned. A total of 130 people were vaccinated against COVID-19. Among 427 unvaccinated participants, 69.32% (296/427) were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine in the future, and the remaining 30.68% (131/427) were unwilling to receive vaccination. Most (89.9%) of the participants believed that the role of vaccination was crucial in response to the spread of COVID-19. A significant association was found between willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine and the following variables: age, marital status, level of education, occupation, residence, seizure type, and seizure control after antiepileptic drug therapy. It is noteworthy that education level, living in urban areas, and seizure freedom were significantly related to willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination.Conclusions: Vaccination is a key measure for the prevention and control of COVID-19, and most PWE are willing to be vaccinated. Vaccine safety, effectiveness, and accessibility are essential in combatting vaccine hesitation and increasing vaccination rates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes to Being Vaccinated Against COVID-19: A Survey of People With Epilepsy in China

et al. 2021

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“…The most commonly reported neurologic symptoms include spasticity, movement disorders, seizures, headaches, altered taste, anosmia, dizziness, and cerebrovascular incidents [ 6 , 7 ]. In addition, de-novo focal seizures, as a consequence of COVID-19, have been reported in a small number of case reports, but we did not find any that described them in detail in pediatric patients [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Focal Seizures in a Child Following COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report

Mydam¹,

Midivelly²,

Chennakesavulu³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been shown to impact multiple organs, even in instances where patients did not show any symptoms. In this case report, we detail a six-year-old male child presenting with focal seizures without an antecedent history of epilepsy. The child presented with twitching movements on the right side of the face involving the oral cavity. Non-contrast brain MRI showed meningoencephalitis. He was given antibiotics, antipyretics, and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), but his clinical condition continued to deteriorate despite treatment. Oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swabs tested positive for COVID-19. Thus, treatment was initiated for COVID-19 encephalitis and seizures with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) and steroids. Frequency of seizures decreased dramatically after steroids were initiated and remained infrequent during the five days of steroid therapy. After steroids were discontinued seizures returned but were shorter, less frequent and manageable with AEDs. The child was discharged on AEDs and was seizure-free at six months of follow-up. The following case report details the disease and treatment pathway of the patient.

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“…The IgG index was negative in all 12 cases tested. Among the specific antibodies tested in CSF, anti-MOG was positive in one of two cases (50%), anti-NMDA was positive in three of 17 cases (11%) and anti-cardiolipin was positive in two of 11 cases (18%) 16,18,21,22,24,26,31,52,56,59,63 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in patients with COVID-19-associated central nervous system manifestations: a systematic review

Domingues¹,

Brunale²,

Senne³

2022

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Background: Central nervous system (CNS) symptoms may occur in patients with acute COVID-19. The role of CSF examination in these patients remains to be established. Objective: A systematic review of CSF findings relating to COVID-19 was carried out. Methods: CSF parameters, including cytological and biochemical analyses, SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR and other CSF markers, were recorded and analyzed among patients with acute COVID-19 and one of the following CNS syndromes: stroke, encephalopathy, encephalitis, inflammatory syndromes, seizure, headache and meningitis. Results: Increased white blood cells and/or increased protein concentration were found in 52.7% of the patients with encephalitis, 29.4% of the patients with encephalopathy and 46.7% of the patients with inflammatory syndromes (P < 0.05). CSF RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was positive in 17.35% of the patients with encephalitis and less than 3.5% of the patients with encephalopathy or inflammatory syndromes (P < 0.05). Intrathecal production of immunoglobulins was found in only 8% of the cases. More than 85% of the patients had increased CSF cytokines and chemokines. Increased CSF neurofilament light chain (NfL) and CSF Tau were found in 71% and 36% of the cases, respectively. Conclusion: Non-specific inflammatory CSF abnormalities were frequently found in patients with COVID-19 CNS syndromes. The increase in neurodegeneration biomarkers suggests that neuronal damage occurs, with long-term consequences that are still unknown.

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Focal seizures with impaired awareness as long-term neurological complication of COVID-19: a case report

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

Attitudes to Being Vaccinated Against COVID-19: A Survey of People With Epilepsy in China

Attitudes to Being Vaccinated Against COVID-19: A Survey of People With Epilepsy in China

Focal Seizures in a Child Following COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report

Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in patients with COVID-19-associated central nervous system manifestations: a systematic review

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