Foams for GOR Control - Improved Stability by Polymer Additives

Aarra, Morten Gunnar; Ormehaug, Per Arne; Skauge, Arne

doi:10.3997/2214-4609.201406787

Cited by 13 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

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“…Some define a critical oil saturation above which foam does not form (see discussion by Schramm, 1994), but several studies show that it is possible to generate strong foams at relatively high oil saturations (Aarra et al, 1997;Mannhardt and Svorstøl, 1999;Mannhardt et al, 2000;Aarra et al, 2002). Another suggests that a high concentration of light hydrocarbons in the oil appears to be the main reason for reduced foam stability (Kuhlman, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Oil in the core during foam experiments has been reported to reduce the propagation velocity of foam through the core (Jensen and Friedmann, 1987;Aarra et al, 1997;Vassenden et al, 1998;Mannhardt and Svorstøl, 1999). Chou (1991) reports that foam propagation without oil depends on the initial condition of the core material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A great number of core flooding experiments have been conducted to evaluate the properties of foam generation in the presence of oil (Nikolov et al, 1986;Jensen and Friedmann, 1987;Chou, 1991;Dalland et al, 1992;Kristiansen and Holt, 1992;Aarra and Skauge, 1994;Holt et al, 1996;Aarra et al, 1997;Vassenden et al, 1998;Mannhardt and Svorstøl, 1999;Mannhardt et al, 2000). Usually, foam is used to reduce gas mobility in zones already flooded by gas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Usually, foam is used to reduce gas mobility in zones already flooded by gas. Thus, it is important to perform the core flooding experiments at residual oil saturation (Aarra et al, 1997;Mannhardt and Svorstøl, 1999;Mannhardt et al, 2000;Aarra et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Comparing the static and dynamic foam properties of a fluorinated and an alpha olefin sulfonate surfactant

Vikingstad

Aarra

2009

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Comparing the static and dynamic foam properties of a fluorinated and an alpha olefin sulfonate surfactant

Vikingstad

Aarra

2009

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering

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“…Several published literature suggested that, the strong foam can be generated at relatively high oil saturations (Aarra et al 1997;Svorstøl 1997, 2001). This may be measured by Mobility Reduction factor (MRF).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of blended surfactants to generate stable foam in presence of crude oil for gas mobility control

Memon

Shuker

Elraies

2016

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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For controlling the viscous fingering in wateralternating gas injection, addition of foam with formation water is more favorable. Use of foam surfactant is one potential solution for reducing gas mobility. The main objective of this research is to generate stable foam for gas mobility control using surfactant blend formulation. Surfactant blends synergistically exhibit better foaming properties than those of individual surfactants. Surfactant blends improve the foam stability and reduces the destabilizing effect of crude oil. Using foam stabilizers may improve foam stability and apparent viscosity; both of these factors are important for improving gas mobility. Alpha olefin Sulfonate (AOS C14-16 ) was selected as main surfactant, Octylphenol Ethylene Oxide (TX-100) and Lauryl Amido Propyl Amine oxide (LMDO) were selected as additives. Aqueous stability test was performed at 96°C. Foam stability test was performed in the absence and presence of crude oil. The foam stability and longevity was recorded above the liquid level. Liquid drainage and Foam half-life were noted with respect to time. The mobility reduction factor of three formulations was performed with CO 2 by using Berea sandstone cores at 96°C and 1400 psi. Experimental result showed that surfactant blend of 0.6 % AOS ? 0.6 % LMDO was more stable in presence of crude oil and reduced more gas mobility as compared to an individual surfactant of 0.6 % AOS. The maximum generated foam volume and foam half time indicated better performance of the foaming agent. The surfactant blend formulation plays an important role in controlling gas mobility. Strong stability by these formulations indicates that the foam surfactant formulation is of great significance in the field of enhanced oil recovery.

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Foam Generation, Propagation and Stability in Porous Medium

et al. 2019

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There have been several foam field applications in recent years. Foam treatments targeting gas mobility control in injectors as well as gas blocking in production wells have been performed without causing operational problems. The most widely used injection strategy of foam has been injecting alternating slugs of surfactant in brine with gas injection. This procedure seems to be beneficial as injection is easy to perform and control below fracturing pressure. Simultaneous injection of surfactant solution and gas may give difficulties, especially with interpretation of the tests, if fracturing pressure are exceeded during the injection period. This paper reviews critical aspects of foam for reservoir applications and intends to motivate for further field trials. Key parameters for qualification of foam are: foam generation, propagation in porous medium, foam strength and stability of foam. Stability is discussed, especially in the presence of oil at reservoir conditions. Data on each of these topics are included, as well as extracted summary of relevant literature. Experimental studies have shown that foam is generated at low surfactant concentration even below the CMC (critical micelle concentration). Results indicate that in situ foam generation in porous medium may depend on available nucleation sites. In situ generation of foam is complex and has been found to be especially difficult in oil wet carbonate rocks. Foam propagation in porous medium has been summarized, and propagation rate for a given experiment seems to be constant with time and distance. Laboratory studies confirm a propagation rate of 1-3 m/day. Field tests performed have not given reliable information of foam propagation rate, and future field pilots are encouraged to include observation wells in order to gain information of field-scale foam propagation. Foam strength is generally high with all gases. The exception is CO 2 at high pressure where CO 2 becomes supercritical. Stability of foam has been studied in laboratory and field tests, and has confirmed long-term stability of foam.

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Foams for GOR Control - Improved Stability by Polymer Additives

Cited by 13 publications

References 1 publication

Comparing the static and dynamic foam properties of a fluorinated and an alpha olefin sulfonate surfactant

Comparing the static and dynamic foam properties of a fluorinated and an alpha olefin sulfonate surfactant

Study of blended surfactants to generate stable foam in presence of crude oil for gas mobility control

Foam Generation, Propagation and Stability in Porous Medium

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