Foaming of Al-Si by TiH₂

A Highly Stable Ti/TiHx/Sb–SnO2 Anode: Preparation, Characterization and Application

“…(2) This new generated Ti may be amorphous and much active, and its structure may be much porous due to the H 2 release (foaming agent property 35 ) The melting Sn and Sb may also penertrate into the vacancies, which may increase the possibility of forming mixture of Ti, Sn, and Sb metals. The second stage is the combination of oxygen and metals, three reaction happen simultaneously and form a solid solution layer:…”

“…Transformation of TiH x to a solid solution layer may actually consist of two stages (also illustrated in Figure ). The first one is the TiH x decomposition: TiH italicx → Ti + normalH 2 false↑ goodbreak0em1em⁣ ( occurs beyond ⁣ ∼673 ⁣ K ) This new generated Ti may be amorphous and much active, and its structure may be much porous due to the H 2 release (foaming agent property) The melting Sn and Sb may also penertrate into the vacancies, which may increase the possibility of forming mixture of Ti, Sn, and Sb metals. The second stage is the combination of oxygen and metals, three reaction happen simultaneously and form a solid solution layer: Ti + normalO 2 → TiO 2 Sn + normalO 2 → SnO 2 Sb + normalO 2 → Sb 2 normalO 5 Simultaneous in situ reactions may also benefit the cocrystallization of TiO 2 , SnO 2 , and Sb 2 O 5 , and solid solution formation takes advantage of it.…”

Foaming of pure aluminium by TiH2

“…In 1956, Borksten Research Laboratory Inc. first prepared aluminium foam through molten body direct foaming process. [1][2][3][4] Then, Foamalum Corp. and Italy Corp. put this technology into practice. [5][6][7] In 1987, Japan made a breakthrough in the research of metal foam materials.…”

“…One of the advantages in using metal foams, like aluminium foams, is the greater range of allowable temperatures: for polymers, the limit is ,100uC, whereas for aluminium foams, the limit is five times larger. 2,14 There are plenty of methods for aluminium foaming such as casting, powder metallurgy and deposition. Among these methods, casting is being widely used for its capability to producing high porosity foams and commercially low cost compared with the others.…”

“…The performance of conventional aluminium alloy foams can be improved by two approaches: altering the cell morphologies, including the form, shape, size and statistical distribution of the individual cell and modifying the properties of the solid cell wall materials by physical or chemical methods such as heat treatment. 2,13 Further, some research was conducted on the uniaxial compressive behaviour of closed cell especially for Al-Si alloy foams manufactured by accumulative roll bonding processes. 18 The main goal of this study is to investigate the influences of titanium hydride content as a foaming agent on porosity percentage, size and cell structure uniformity of the foamed pure aluminium.…”