FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity in cells and fibers of the holothurian nervous system

García-Arrarás, JoséE.; Enamorado-Ayala, Ileana; Torres-Avillán, Ilia; Rivera, Víctor Anthony García

doi:10.1016/0304-3940(91)90301-9

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Interestingly, an enteric nervous system has been found in most bilaterians investigated, including Platynereis (this study), earthworms (Barna et al, 2001; Csoknya et al, 1991; Telkes et al, 1996), snails (Furukawa et al, 2001), insects (Copenhaver and Taghert, 1989), nematodes (Brownlee et al, 1994) and echinoderms (García-Arrarás et al, 1991, 2001). This suggests that the urbilaterian ancestor already possessed enteric neurons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

The evolutionary origin of bilaterian smooth and striated myocytes

Brunet

Fischer

Steinmetz

et al. 2016

eLife

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The dichotomy between smooth and striated myocytes is fundamental for bilaterian musculature, but its evolutionary origin is unsolved. In particular, interrelationships of visceral smooth muscles remain unclear. Absent in fly and nematode, they have not yet been characterized molecularly outside vertebrates. Here, we characterize expression profile, ultrastructure, contractility and innervation of the musculature in the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii and identify smooth muscles around the midgut, hindgut and heart that resemble their vertebrate counterparts in molecular fingerprint, contraction speed and nervous control. Our data suggest that both visceral smooth and somatic striated myocytes were present in the protostome-deuterostome ancestor and that smooth myocytes later co-opted the striated contractile module repeatedly – for example, in vertebrate heart evolution. During these smooth-to-striated myocyte conversions, the core regulatory complex of transcription factors conveying myocyte identity remained unchanged, reflecting a general principle in cell type evolution.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.19607.001

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

The evolutionary origin of bilaterian smooth and striated myocytes

Brunet

Fischer

Steinmetz

et al. 2016

eLife

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“…For example, cholecystokinin (CCK)-like immunoreactivity occurs in neurons and in a plexus of fibers in the intestines of Holothuria mexicana, Holothuria glaberrima, and Stichopus badionotus 199 la). Similarly, FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity was reported in cells and fibers of the intestine of H. glaberrima (Garcia-Arraras et al, 1991b). The location of these immunoreactive substances suggests that they have a role in the regulation of digestive physiology, and indeed peptides of the CCK family do induce a partial relaxation of the intestinal musculature .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…This report. 3 Elphick ei al .. 1991. identified by immunocytochemistry ( Elphick el al, 1989;Garcia-Arraras et a/., 1991b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Two Novel Neuropeptides From the Sea Cucumber Holothuria glaberrima

Díaz‐Miranda

Price

Greenberg

et al. 1992

The Biological Bulletin

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Two peptides were purified from intestinal extracts of a sea cucumber, Holothuria glaberrima, by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The peptides were detected by a radioimmunoassay (RIA) based on an antiserum raised to the molluscan peptide, pGlu-Asp-Pro-Phe-Leu-Arg-Phe-NH2 (pQDPFLRFamide). Automated sequencing and mass spectrometry indicate that the isolated peptides are: Gly-Phe-Ser-Lys-Leu-Tyr-Phe-NH2 (GFSKLYFamide) and Ser-Gly-Tyr-Ser-Val-Leu-Tyr-Phe-NH2 (SGYSVLYFamide). These are the first peptides to have been isolated from a member of the echinoderm class Holothuroidea. The antiserum used in the RIA of the peptides was also employed in localizing immunoreactive nerve cells and fibers in the intestine of H. glaberrima. The immunohistochemical results suggest that these peptides might be responsible for the FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity reported earlier. Sequence similarities between GFSKLYFamide, SGYSVLYFamide, and a pair of peptides previously isolated from starfish lead us to propose that all four molecules are members of a family of peptides acting as neurotransmitters in echinoderms.

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“…However, there is now widespread evidence for the occurrence, distribution, and function of neurohumoral regulatory molecules in the adult nervous systems of many echinoderm groups (Table 1). Identified substances include the following: (i) neurotransmitters, including monoamines such as dopamine, noradrenaline (norepinephrine), and serotonin (Cottrell 1967;Cobb 1969Cobb , 1987Cottrell and Pentreath 1970;Huet 1975Huet , 1980Huet and Franquinet 1981;Candia Carnevali et al 1996) and acetylcholine and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (Welsh 1966;; (ii) several types of neuropeptides, some, such as cholecystokinin-, substance-P-, and RFamidelike factors, identified only as a result of their detection using immunological methods; more importantly, native peptides such as SALMFamides 1 and 2 (S1 and S2), SGYSVLYamide, GFSKLYFamide, FPVGRVHRFamide, holokinins 1 and 2, stichopin, NGIWYamide, autotomy-promoting factor (APF), and gonad-stimulating substance (GSS) have also been found (Welsh 1966;Pentreath and Cobb 1972;Caine and Burke 1985;Mladenov et al 1989b;Elphick et al 1991aElphick et al , 1991bElphick et al , 1991cGarcía-Arrarás et al 1991a;Diáz-Miranda et al 1992;Birenheide et al 1998;Inoue et al 1999); (iii) finally, growth factors such as transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), and nerve growth factor (NGF), again identified primarily on the basis of immunological probes using heterologous antisera (Heinzeller and Welsch 1994;Bonasoro et al 1995;Candia Carnevali et al 1998b. Very recently, however, molecular methods have allowed the characterization of a native TGF-β factor from crinoids .…”

Section: The Nervous System and Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 97%