Fly‐ash particles and precipitated silica as fillers in rubbers. II. Effects of silica content and Si69‐treatment in natural rubber/styrene–butadiene rubber vulcanizates

Abstract

This article explored the possibility of using silica from fly-ash particles as reinforcement in natural rubber/styrene-butadiene rubber (NR/SBR) vulcanizates. For a given silica content, the NR : SBR blend ratio of 1 : 1 (or 50 : 50 phr) exhibited the optimum mechanical properties for flyash filled NR/SBR blend system. When using untreated silica from fly-ash, the cure time and mechanical properties of the NR/SBR vulcanizates decreased with increasing silica content. The improvement of the mechanical properties was achieved by addition of Si69, the recommended dosage being 2.0 wt % of silica content. The optimum tensile strength of the silica filled NR/SBR vulcanizates was peaked at 10-20 phr silica contents. Most mechanical properties increased with thermal ageing. The addition of silica from fly-ash in the NR/SBR vulcanizates was found to improve the elastic behavior, including compression set and resilience, as compared with that of commercial precipitated silica. Taking mechanical properties into account, the recommended dosage for the silica (FASi) content was 20 phr. For more effective reinforcement, the silica from fly-ash particles had to be chemically treated with 2.0 wt % Si69. It was convincing that silica from fly-ash particles could be used to replace commercial silica as reinforcement in NR/SBR vulcanizates for cost-saving and environment benefits.

Hybridized reinforcement of natural rubber with silane‐modified short cellulose fibers and silica

“…Because silane concentrations of 0.225–1.15% of fiber weight and 2% of silica weight were reported to be optimum dosages for the pretreatment of henequén fibers and silica, respectively,17, 18 in this study, the pretreatment with silane was carried out at a silane concentration of 2 wt % of filler content. Si69 (2 g) was diluted in acetone (500 mL).…”

Silica nanoparticles reinforced natural rubber latex composites: The effects of silica dimension and polydispersity on performance

“…In addition, the resilience of both the AS/NR and PS/NR composites were enhanced when TESPT was introduced. This was ascribed to the better dispersion of filler in rubber matrix and stronger filler–rubber interaction so as to form a tighter network, which then slightly enhances the elasticity of the composites after addition of TESPT …”

Modification of Thermoplastics with Reactive Silanes and Siloxanes

“…The CFS have found many different applications for a preparation of polyurethane coating materials, having very good and useful properties. Bis-(3-triethoxysilyl)propyltetrasulphide) is used for the modification of natural and synthetic rubber (Sombatsompop et al, 2007), other CFS are applied for the preparation of silica in elastomers (in situ), and for the modification of calcium carbonate, which is used as the filler for elastomers (Zaborski, 2003). …”