Fly Ash, from Recycling to Potential Raw Material for Mesoporous Silica Synthesis

Miricioiu, Marius Gheorghe; Niculescu, Violeta

doi:10.3390/nano10030474

Cited by 73 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Both being volatile in nature, a major amount of Hg and Cd are eliminated from the coal at the time of combustion in the furnace. Moreover, it has been found that smaller the size of fly ash particles higher will be the concentration of heavy metals on their surface i.e., larger fly ash particles will have lesser amount of heavy metals and other elements on their surface than the small-sized fly ash particles [69,70]. In a thermal power plant, there are two types of ashes; bottom ash and fly ash [71].…”

Section: Inductively Coupled Plasma Analysis Of Fly Ash Digested Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Amorphous Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by the Sonochemical Method and Their Application for the Remediation of Heavy Metals from Wastewater

et al. 2020

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Nanoparticles have gained huge attention in the last decade due to their applications in electronics, medicine, and environmental clean-up. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are widely used for the wastewater treatment due to their recyclable nature and easy manipulation by an external magnetic field. Here, in the present research work, iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by the sonochemical method by using precursors of ferrous sulfate and ferric chloride at 70 °C for one hour in an ultrasonicator. The synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles were characterized by diffraction light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), electron diffraction spectroscopy (EDS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The FTIR analysis exhibits characteristic absorption bands of IONPs at 400–800 cm−1, while the Raman spectra showed three characteristic bands at 273, 675, and 1379 cm−1 for the synthesized IONPs. The XRD data revealed three major intensity peaks at two theta, 33°, 35°, and 64° which indicated the presence of maghemite and magnetite phase. The size of the spherical shaped IONPs was varying from 9–70 nm with an average size of 38.9 nm while the size of cuboidal shaped particle size was in microns. The purity of the synthesized IONPs was confirmed by the EDS attached to the FESEM, which clearly show sharp peaks for Fe and O, while the magnetic behavior of the IONPs was confirmed by the VSM measurement and the magnetization was 2.43 emu/g. The batch adsorption study of lead (Pb) and chromium (Cr) from 20% fly ash aqueous solutions was carried out by using 0.6 mg/100 mL IONPs, which exhibited maximum removal efficiency i.e., 97.96% and 82.8% for Pb2+ and Cr ions, respectively. The fly ash are being used in making cements, tiles, bricks, bio fertilizers etc., where the presence of fly ash is undesired property which has to be either removed or will be brought up to the value of acceptable level in the fly ash. Therefore, the synthesized IONPs, can be applied in the elimination of heavy metals and other undesired elements from fly ash with a short period of time. Moreover, the IONPs that have been used as a nanoadsorbent can be recovered from the reaction mixture by applying an external magnetic field that can be recycled and reused. Therefore, this study can be effective in all the fly ash-based industries for elimination of the undesired elements, while recyclability and reusable nature of IONPs will make the whole adsorption or elimination process much economical.

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Section: Inductively Coupled Plasma Analysis Of Fly Ash Digested Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Amorphous Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by the Sonochemical Method and Their Application for the Remediation of Heavy Metals from Wastewater

et al. 2020

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“…The recent research studies have been performed for capitalization of fly ash by different methods, such as direct activation method [34,35,53,[58][59][60][61][62][63], fusion method [57,64,65], and microwave and ultrasound method [67]. Fig.…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of Eco-friendly Nano-adsorbentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-friendly Nano-adsorbents for Pollutant Removal from Wastewaters

Harja¹,

Ciobanu²

2020

Handbook of Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites for Energy and Environmental Applications

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Major changes of the environment are caused by the presence of pollutants in air, soil, and wastewaters. From these, a major attention is accorded to the industrial wastewaters, because can contain simultaneous different types of pollutants such as heavy metals, anions, dyes, phenols, pesticides, drugs, etc. For wastewater treatment, consecrated methods such as adsorption, photocatalysis, membrane separation, etc. can be used, adsorption being considered one of the most favorable techniques. In the last years, an increase in interest was observed in nanoadsorbent materials with low cost. Ecofriendly nano-adsorbents include the materials obtained from industrial wastes, agricultural sources, and by-products, recognized as low-cost sources. These nano-adsorbents, obtained by "green technologies," have adsorption capacities, comparable to the expensive adsorbents (modified chitosan, activated carbon, complex inorganic composites, etc.).

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“…The bulk form of fly ash can be potentially used as a biofertilizer, as it contains a rich source of plant nutrients such as, Na, Ca, K, P, Zn, Mg, Mn, Mo, etc. Moreover, the zeolites synthesized from fly ash can also be used for the sustained and controlled release of the N, P, K and other minerals to the plants [23,66]. In the field of agriculture, [67,68] the bulk fly ash can be used for resource conservation, reclamation of the contaminated sites and restoration of industrial sites [69].…”

Section: Applications Of Fly Ashmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, almost all the fly ash, irrespective of their origin, has almost all the above-mentioned minerals in variable amounts. Based on the mineralogy of fly ash, it can be a reliable and valuable alternative resource for the generation of ferrous, alumina and silica-based micro and nanoparticles [23]. Ferrous, alumina and silica generally co-exist in the fly ash (shown in Figure 4) as either ferro-alumino-silicates (FAS) or alumina, and silica can be present in the form of crystalline mullite, sillimanite or quartz [89,90].…”

Section: Fly Ash As a Source Of Ferrous Alumina And Silicamentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Methods for Recovery of Ferrous, Alumina, and Silica Nanoparticles from Fly Ash Waste

Yadav

Fulekar

2020

Ceramics

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Fly ash or coal fly ash causes major global pollution in the form of solid waste and is classified as a “hazardous waste”, which is a by-product of thermal power plants produced during electricity production. Si, Al, Fe Ca, and Mg alone form more than 85% of the chemical compounds and glasses of most fly ashes. Fly ash has a chemical composition of 70–90%, as well as glasses of ferrous, alumina, silica, and CaO. Therefore, fly ash could act as a reliable and alternative source for ferrous, alumina, and silica. The ferrous fractions can be recovered by a simple magnetic separation method, while alumina and silica can be extracted by chemical or biological approaches. Alumina extraction is possible using both alkali- and acid-based methods, while silica is extracted by strong alkali, such as NaOH. Chemical extraction has a higher yield than the biological approaches, but the bio-based approaches are more environmentally friendly. Fly ash can also be used for the synthesis of zeolites by NaOH treatment of variable types, as fly ash is rich in alumino-silicates. The present review work deals with the recent advances in the field of the recovery and synthesis of ferrous, alumina, and silica micro and nanoparticles from fly ash.

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Fly Ash, from Recycling to Potential Raw Material for Mesoporous Silica Synthesis

Cited by 73 publications

References 41 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Amorphous Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by the Sonochemical Method and Their Application for the Remediation of Heavy Metals from Wastewater

Synthesis and Characterization of Amorphous Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by the Sonochemical Method and Their Application for the Remediation of Heavy Metals from Wastewater

Eco-friendly Nano-adsorbents for Pollutant Removal from Wastewaters

Advances in Methods for Recovery of Ferrous, Alumina, and Silica Nanoparticles from Fly Ash Waste

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