Fluoxetine for the Treatment of Childhood Anxiety Disorders

Birmaher, Boris; Axelson, David; Monk, Kelly; Kalas, Catherine; Clark, Duncan B.; Ehmann, Mary; Bridge, Jeffrey A.; Heo, Jungeun; Brent, David A.

doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000037049.04952.9f

Cited by 337 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Two controlled studies show the short-term efficiency of fluoxetine and fluvoxamine in treating young patients with social phobia. 26,27 Moreover, case reports demonstrate that alprazolam may be useful in minimizing social avoidance in children with social phobia. 35 …”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Three controlled studies with sertraline, fluvoxamine and fluoxetine have demonstrated the short-term efficacy of these SSRI. 26,27 Anxiety disorders in childhood and adolescence Asbahr FR…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, fluvoxamine and fluoxetine proved to be efficient for short-term treatment of SAD. 16,26,27 Panic disorder (PD)…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transtornos ansiosos na infância e adolescência: aspectos clínicos e neurobiológicos

Asbahr

2004

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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Objective: This article reviews the clinical and epidemiological aspects of anxiety disorders in youngsters, as well as current medical and psychological treatment strategies. The role of the neurobiological models possibly involved in the etiology of these disorders is also discussed.Sources of data: MEDLINE search of papers published in English from 1981 to 2003. The following key words were used: anxiety disorders, neurobiology, childhood, adolescence.Summary of the findings: Childhood-onset anxiety disorders are among the most frequent psychiatric conditions in children and adolescents. Epidemiological data estimate a prevalence of 10% in this population. The neurobiological models involved in the etiology of anxiety disorders in youngsters are closely related to neuroimaging studies with individuals presenting these pathologies. The role of the amygdala in the pathophysiology of these disorders is underscored. To be effective, treatment must combine several interventions, such as cognitive-behavioral, family, and, frequently, drug treatments.Conclusions: Early identification and prompt treatment of anxiety disorders may prevent negative consequences, such as school absenteeism and frequent and unnecessary visits to pediatric services due to somatic complaints related to anxiety disorders. Moreover, it is possible that psychiatric problems could be avoided or attenuated in adulthood.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2004;80(2 Suppl):S28-S34: Anxiety disorders, childhood, adolescence, neurobiology, psychopharmacology, cognitive-behavioral therapy.

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Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transtornos ansiosos na infância e adolescência: aspectos clínicos e neurobiológicos

Asbahr

2004

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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“…Á In treatment-resistant cases, benzodiazepines (alprazolam, diazepam) may be used when the patient does not have a history of dependency. Also, they can be combined with antidepressants in the first couple of weeks of treatment before the onset of efficacy of the antidepressants Á The antihistamine hydroxyzine was effective in placebo-and comparator-controlled studies; however, the drug has sedating properties 3 B Á For opipramol and valproate, limited positive evidence is available Á In treatment-refractory GAD patients, augmentation of SSRI treatment with atypical antipsychotics (risperidone or olanzapine) may be used 4 D Á Efficacy results with buspirone were inconsistent Non-Pharmacological Treatment Á CBT is more effective than a wait list control and a ''psychological placebo'' including social phobia, fluoxetine was superior to placebo (Birmaher et al 2003…”

Section: Recommendation Gradementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A small study in children age 5Á17 years demonstrated superiority of sertraline over placebo (Rynn et al 2001) (A). Á In a sample of children and adolescents with mixed anxiety disorders, including GAD, fluoxetine was superior to placebo (Birmaher et al 2003)(B). Á Fluvoxamine was effective in a sample of children and adolescents with social phobia, separation anxiety disorder, or generalized anxiety disorder (Ruppasg 2001) (B).…”

Section: Generalized Anxiety Disorder (Gad)mentioning

confidence: 99%

World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Guidelines for the Pharmacological Treatment of Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders – First Revision

Bandelow

Zohar

Hollander

et al. 2008

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry

698

406

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In this report, which is an update of a guideline published in 2002 (Bandelow et al. 2002, recommendations for the pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are presented. Since the publication of the first version of this guideline, a substantial number of new randomized controlled studies of anxiolytics have been published. In particular, more relapse prevention studies are now available that show sustained efficacy of anxiolytic drugs. The recommendations, developed by the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Task Force for the Pharmacological Treatment of Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders, a consensus panel of 30 international experts, are now based on 510 published randomized, placebo-or comparator-controlled clinical studies (RCTs) and 130 open studies and case reports. First-line treatments for these disorders are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and the calcium channel modulator pregabalin. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are equally effective for some disorders, but many are less well tolerated than the SSRIs/ SNRIs. In treatment-resistant cases, benzodiazepines may be used when the patient does not have a history of substance abuse disorders. Potential treatment options for patients unresponsive to standard treatments are described in this overview. Although these guidelines focus on medications, non-pharmacological were also considered. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and other variants of behaviour therapy have been sufficiently investigated in controlled studies in patients with anxiety disorders, OCD, and PTSD to support them being recommended either alone or in combination with the above medicines.

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A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial ofParoxetine in Children and Adolescents With Social Anxiety Disorder

Wagner¹,

Berard²,

Stein³

et al. 2004

Arch Gen Psychiatry

218

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Fluoxetine for the Treatment of Childhood Anxiety Disorders

Cited by 337 publications

References 32 publications

Transtornos ansiosos na infância e adolescência: aspectos clínicos e neurobiológicos

Transtornos ansiosos na infância e adolescência: aspectos clínicos e neurobiológicos

World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Guidelines for the Pharmacological Treatment of Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders – First Revision

A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial ofParoxetine in Children and Adolescents With Social Anxiety Disorder

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