Fluoride dose-response of human and bovine enamel artificial caries lesions under pH-cycling conditions

Abstract

Objectives This laboratory study aimed to: a) compare the fluoride dose-response of different caries lesions created in human and bovine enamel (HE/BE) under pH-cycling conditions, and b) investigate the suitability of Knoop and Vickers surface microhardness (K-SMH/V-SMH) in comparison to transverse microradiography (TMR) to investigate lesion de-and remineralization.Materials and Methods Caries lesions were formed using three different protocols (Carbopol, hydroxyethylcellulose-HEC, methylcellulose-MeC) and assigned to 24 groups using V-SMH, based on a 2 (enamel types)×3 (lesion types)×4 (fluoride concentrations used during pH-cycling-simulating 0/250/1100/2800 ppm F as sodium fluoride dentifrices) factorial design. Changes in mineral content and structural integrity of lesions were determined before and after pH-cycling. Data were analyzed using three-way ANOVA.Results BE was more prone to demineralization than HE. Both enamel types showed similar responses to fluoride with BE showing more remineralization (as change in integrated mineral loss and lesion depth reduction), although differences between tissues were already present at lesion baseline. Carbopol and MeC lesions responded well to fluoride, whereas HEC lesions were almost inert. K-and V-SMH correlated well with each other and with the integrated mineral loss data, although better correlations were found for HE than for BE, and for MeC than for Carbopol lesions. Hardness data for HEC lesions correlated only with surface zone mineral density data.Conclusion BE is a suitable surrogate for HE under pH-cycling conditions. Clinical Relevance The in vitro modelling of dental caries is complex and requires knowledge of lesion behavior, analytical techniques and employed hard tissues.

Remineralization ability of fluoride varnish containing tricalcium phosphate by time

“…Moreover, this invitro study used not human enamel teeth but bovine enamel teeth. Bovine enamel teeth were more easily demineralized than human enamel teeth 20) . Therefore, further studies need to adopt a clinical trial design and in-vitro study using human enamel teeth.…”

“…Evidently, the amount of fluoride release means remineralization because the amount of fluoride release is directly proportional to the amount of remineralization 20) . However, some research suggested that remineralization did not depend on the amount of fluoride release 21) .…”

The Effects of Remineralization via Fluoride Versus Low-Level Laser IR810 and Fluoride Agents on the Mineralization and Microhardness of Bovine Dental Enamel

“…Moreover, the effects are higher when fluoride-or calcium-based compounds are irradiated concurrently [11][12][13][14]17]. Nevertheless, the data show that the mineral content of the laser group was similar to the control.…”

“…Bovine enamel was used as a model for human teeth. This model offers a large surface area and more uniform enamel thickness; previous studies have shown that they are very similar to human teeth [15][16][17].…”

Constructed amphiphilic gel as natural auxiliary medium to mimick remineralized dental hydroxyapatite

“…The key of remineralization or regeneration of tooth hard tissue is finding an appropriate organic template and inducing the process of mineralization. The frequently used agents are fluoride [3], salivary proteins [4], casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate [5], or organic polymers [6]. However, these approaches either call for too severe conditions to apply in clinics, or reconstruct structures unlike natural enamel.…”