Fluoride Distribution of Rat Molar Cementum in Relation to Age and Fluoride Levels in the Drinking Water

Kondo, Kunïkazu; Nakagaki, Haruo; Kato, Kazúo; Narita, Naoki; Ito, Tetsuhide; Kanayama, T.; Robinson, C.

doi:10.1159/000262072

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The fluoride concentration in cementum increases with age, and with each increasing dose, and they are higher at the outer layer than at the middle and inner layers, according to this investigation. This agrees with results o f studies on human and rat teeth Kato et al, 1990;Kondo et al, 1995]. Few have reported on the reduction of fluoride concentration after cessation of fluoride adminis tration.…”

Section: Fluoride Administration and The Distribution Profiles O F Flsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…[1987], and Sugihara et al [1991] has reported that the distribution profiles of fluoride in cementum are related to its histological structure and also saliva. These findings were supported by studies on rat ce mentum by Kato et al [1990] and Kondo et al [1995]. How ever, the origin of the distribution profiles of fluoride in ce mentum has yet to be clarified.…”

Section: T I Lo Department O F Preventive Dentistry and Dental Publimentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Kato et al [1990] have re ported on similar data in rat cementum as follows: (1) the fluoride concentration in rat cementum is high at the surface layer, decreasing towards the interior area; (2) the highest fluoride concentration in cementum is observed at the sur face layer or at the subsurface; (3) the fluoride concentra tions in cementum increase in direct proportion to the dose of fluoride administration. Kato et al [1992] have also re ported on the relationship between age and fluoride concen tration in that the uptake of fluoride by human tooth cemen tum continues throughout life, which coincided with the ex periment on rat cementum by Kondo et al [ 1995]. Li et al [1995] have also investigated the distribution profiles of fluoride in humerus, parietal bone, and vertebral arch in rats, and the relative reduction of the average fluo ride concentrations after stopping fluoride administration.…”

Section: Fluoride Administration and The Distribution Profiles O F Flmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Cessation of Fluoridated Water Administration and the Fluoride Distribution Profiles in Rat Molar Cementum

Ito

Nakagaki²,

Kato³

et al. 1997

Caries Res

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The aim of this work was to obtain further information about the origin of fluoride profiles in cementum. Fluoride was administered to rats at varying doses (0, 50,100 ppm F in drinking water) and for different durations (4,13 and 25 weeks). Fluoride distribution across the full thickness of molar cementum in rats was measured by means of an abrasive micro-sampling technique. The average fluoride concentrations in cementum increased significantly with increasing dose and duration of fluoride administration. The relative reduction of the average fluoride concentrations after cessation of fluoride administration was 94.2-36.5% at 50 ppm F and 62.2–49.2% at 100 ppm F in the outer layers (1–60 μm) and 91.5–24.1% at 50 ppm F and 74.1–7.6% at 100 ppm F in the middle (61–120 μm) layers of the cementum, respectively. The reduction rates were more closely related to the time intervals following cessation rather than fluoride concentrations in drinking water or specificity within the cementum. Two factors which may influence this are new cementum formation after withdrawal of fluoride and some fluoride release from cementum surfaces when the fluoride supply stopped. It was concluded that the cessation of fluoride administration reduced the fluoride concentration on the outer layers of cementum differing from bone where reduction occurs across the entire thickness.

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Section: Fluoride Administration and The Distribution Profiles O F Flsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: T I Lo Department O F Preventive Dentistry and Dental Publimentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Fluoride Administration and The Distribution Profiles O F Flmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Cessation of Fluoridated Water Administration and the Fluoride Distribution Profiles in Rat Molar Cementum

Ito

Nakagaki²,

Kato³

et al. 1997

Caries Res

Self Cite

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“…It is known that the best method for the systemic absorption of NaF is via the gastrointestinal tract. Hence, deionized water mixed with NaF to a concentration of 100 ppm [7,11,12] was used to feed the mice. This meant that they were exposed to 5 mM NaF every day from week 12 to week 58, which covered their adult and aging periods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The highest concentration of uoride has been observed in the cementum of roots in animal [7] and human [8] studies. That concentration has also been found to increase with age [9][10][11][12][13] and is dependent upon the level of uoride in the water consumed [10,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Oral toxicity to high level sodium fluoride causes impairment of autophagy

Oka

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Gingival recession and concomitant alveolar bone resorption are hallmarks of periodontal diseases and excessive fluoride intake has some deleterious effects on teeth, bone and soft tissues. Autophagy is a highly conserved intracellular digestion process that degrades damaged proteins and organelles but the biological roles of autophagy in pathological aspects of oral tissues remain largely unknown. We sought to elucidate the function of autophagy, especially its interplay with apoptosis and oxidative stress, in the oral toxicity induced by exposure to 5 mM sodium fluoride (NaF). Methods: HCEM2 cementoblast cells in culture were exposed to 5 mM NaF for 5 min, after which cell viability and cell apoptosis were assessed using the MTS assay and an Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit, respectively. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to characterize the mRNA and protein expression levels of markers for autophagy, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 5 mM NaF in their drinking water from 12 to 58 weeks. Micro-computed tomography was used to measure changes in their alveolar bone while immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining was used to evaluate protein expression levels of autophagy, apoptosis, and oxidative stress markers.Results: Cementoblasts exposed to 5 mM NaF had decreased levels of autophagy, as shown by reduced expression levels of ATG5, Beclin1 and LC3-II, elicited excessive apoptosis, which in turn induced oxidative stress and inflammation, as manifested by elevated levels of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, SOD1 and phospho NF-κB. Consistently, the in vivo results verified the findings of the in vitro study and treatment of mice with 5 mM NaF resulted in histological abnormalities in periodontal tissues, induced excessive oxidative stress and apoptosis, and reduced autophagy. These results correlated with the immunofluorescence observations, thus confirming the pivotal role of autophagic flux dysfunction in 5 mM NaF-induced cell death. Micro-computed tomography analysis demonstrated that 5 mM NaF caused a decrease in bone areas of mice compared with controls. Exposure to 5 mM NaF induced RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand) and cathepsin K expression in periodontal tissues, while ATG5 and Beclin1 expression was abrogated by 5 mM NaF.Conclusion: Taken together, our findings suggest that 5 mM NaF elicits oral toxicity that contributes to excessive apoptosis, oxidative stress, and defective autophagy, which aggravates periodontal tissue damage.

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Physical properties of root cementum: Part 9. Effect of systemic fluoride intake on root resorption in rats

Foo

Jones

Darendeliler

2007

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics

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Fluoride Distribution of Rat Molar Cementum in Relation to Age and Fluoride Levels in the Drinking Water

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

The Cessation of Fluoridated Water Administration and the Fluoride Distribution Profiles in Rat Molar Cementum

The Cessation of Fluoridated Water Administration and the Fluoride Distribution Profiles in Rat Molar Cementum

Oral toxicity to high level sodium fluoride causes impairment of autophagy

Physical properties of root cementum: Part 9. Effect of systemic fluoride intake on root resorption in rats

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