Fluoride balance studies in ambulatory healthy men with and without fluoride supplements

Abstract

Fluoride balances were determined in healthy adult males under metabolic ward conditions. This is the first fluoride study to use the diffusion method in exploring the balances of subjects ingesting basal (i.e., everyday) diets with deionized water for cooking and drinking. Certain groups were given daily supplements of 5 or 10 mg. fluoride as sodium fluoride in divided doses with meals. Fluoride was measured in the diets, sodium fluoride tablets, urine, feces, and serum. Approximately 90% of the fluoride excreted was found in the urine and the remainder in the feces in all groups. In the control subjects, fluoride balances were uniformly negative (mean of -0.40 mg/day); in contrast, balances were uniformly positive (mean of +1.38 and +2.88 mg/day, respectively) in subjects receiving 5 or 10 mg F supplements daily. Serum ionic fluoride concentration increased proportionally to fluoride intake and averaged 0.016, 0.029, and 0.040 ppm in the control, 5-mg and 10-mg groups, respectively. These fluoride supplements did not cause any clinical or laboratory abnormality in any subjects.

Ingestión y excreción de fluoruros en niños de Hermosillo, Sonora, México

“…Estos resultados son similares a los de otros estudios reportados, 30 donde al medir la concentración de fluoruros en agua y orina se observó que el nivel de F -en el agua fue directamente proporcional a la concentración de F -en orina. Los valores de excreción de F -(3.10 mg/día) en la colonia Bugambilias coinciden con los reportados por Maheshwari y colaboradores, 13 quienes al suplementar con 5 mg de fluoruro de sodio encontraron una excreción dentro del rango de 3.10 a 4.12 mg/día.…”

“…[9][10][11] El cálculo de la ingestión diaria de F -no resulta ser una tarea fácil, ya que no existe información suficiente sobre el contenido de éstos en alimentos, además de la falta de estudios sobre F -en la dieta que consume la población y de estudios de balance. 12,13 En Sonora el contenido de F -en el agua de consumo de fuentes naturales difiere grandemente en un rango de 0.2 a 7.82 mg/l 14,15 y, dependiendo de la región, se tienen temperaturas máximas anuales que van de 36 a 41°C en los meses de abril a septiembre.…”

Baseline risk assessment of ground water contamination at the Uranium Mill Tailings Sites near Rifle, Colorado

“…Prolonged periods of time are required t o mobilize fluoride from bone. The half time for turnover in the young adult skeleton is about 8 to 10 years (Maheshwari et al, 1981).…”

“…Under conditions of excessive sweating, the fraction of total fluoride excretion contributed by sweating can reach nearly one-half (Gilman et al, 1990). About 70 percent of the ingested fluoride is excreted in urine, and about 5 percent of that retained and absorbed is excreted in the feces (Maheshwari et al, 1981 1. About 90 percent of the fluoride filtered by the glomerulus is reabsorbed by the renal tubules (Gilman et al, 1990).…”

“…Fluoridation of water to a concentration of 1 mg/L (0.04 mg/kg-day for a 25-kg child, assuming ingestion of 1 L of water) is established as a safe and practical public health measure that results in a substantial reduction in the incidence of caries in permanent teeth (Gilman et al, 1990). Fluoride is also used t o treat osteoporosis in larger doses than those used t o prevent dental caries (Maheshwari et al, 1981 1. However, the optimal level of fluoride intake for osteoporosis therapy is not determined.…”