Fluorescent Radiosensitizing Gold Nanoparticles

Abstract

Ultrasmall polyaminocarboxylate-coated gold nanoparticles (NPs), Au@DTDTPA and Au@TADOTAGA, that have been recently developed exhibit a promising potential for image-guided radiotherapy. In order to render the radiosensitizing effect of these gold nanoparticles even more efficient, the study of their localization in cells is required to better understand the relation between the radiosensitizing properties of the agents and their localization in cells and in tumors. To achieve this goal, post-functionalization of Au@DTDTPA nanoparticles by near-infrared (NIF) organic dyes (aminated derivative of cyanine 5, Cy5-NH2) was performed. The immobilization of organic Cy5-NH2 dyes onto the gold nanoparticles confers to these radiosensitizers fluorescence properties which can be exploited for monitoring their internalization in cancerous cells, for determining their localization in cells by fluorescence microscopy (a common and powerful imaging tool in biology), and for following up on their accumulation in tumors after intravenous injection.

The detrimental invasiveness of glioma cells controlled by gadolinium chelate-coated gold nanoparticles

“…As recently published, we have previously confirmed that Au@DTDTPA(Gd) nanoparticles were able to diffuse and be distributed throughout the spheroids, reaching the center of the tumor 21 . Figure 2 shows representative images of U251 spheroids in their 3D matrix 4 days post-seeding.…”

“…The synthesis and characterization of the Au@DTDTPA(Gd) nanoparticles were described earlier 46,47 (Supporting information SI4). The functionalization of Au@DTDTPA nanoparticles by organic dyes (aminated cyanine 3, Cy3-NH 2 ) was inspired from the grafting of aminated cyanine-5 21 . A solution of Au@DTDTPA (9 mL, 50 mM in gold) was adjusted at pH 5.…”

The Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics (PCCP) Section of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences in Its Publications: The First 300 Thematic Articles in the First 3 Years

“…This area is the largest in terms of the number of related publications and includes 91 articles, namely [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 , 121 , 122 , 123 , 124 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 , 142 , 143 , 144 , 145 , 146 , 147 , 148 , 149 , 150 , 151 , 152 , 153 ,…”

“…As for the publications devoted to the structure and dynamics of inorganic compounds, for most of them the objects of study were substances that, in principle, can be classified as clusters in the broad sense of the word; these are [ 105 , 109 , 115 , 116 , 120 , 122 , 123 , 124 , 126 , 159 ]. In five of these ten articles [ 115 , 116 , 120 , 124 , 159 ], the objects of study were elemental gold nanoparticles (which, in principle, can be considered as large clusters, in the narrow sense of the word, due to the presence of metal–metal chemical bonds in their structural units), which were either in a free state [ 115 , 124 , 159 ] or were covered with a layer of some chemical compound (i.e., they were the core of the “core-shell” system [ 116 , 120 ]). In all these works, gold nanoparticles were used to solve any problems in medicine and/or pharmacology.…”

Nanoparticle-Based Radiosensitization

“…Sánchez et al [7] reported on work from Prof Roux and colleagues conjugating a fluorescent label to track the intracellular fate of nanoparticles in cells. A notable result identified nanoparticles in the direct vicinity of mitochondria.…”