“…However, as Ag is monovalent, more research is required to understand the limits of GO's peroxidase-like or intrinsic catalytic properties using divalent, trivalent, and tetravalent inorganic elements 48 . The intrinsic and peroxidase-like catalytic properties of graphene shown here may be seen in its allotropes like carbon nanotubes [49][50][51][52] and fullerenes 53 coupled with epoxy, hydroxyl, and carboxyl groups. Also, in future experiments, radical scavenger study and electron spin resonance technique can help understand the influence of free radicals, O 2 , and OH groups (i.e., resulting from decomposed H 2 O 2 ) on the fabrication of carbon nanocomposites.…”
the present study evaluates the role of graphene oxide's (Go's) peroxidase-like and inherent/ carbocatalytic properties in oxidising silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ) to create graphene nanocomposites with silver nanoparticles (GO/Ag nanocomposite). Activation of peroxidase-like catalytic function of Go required hydrogen peroxide (H 2 o 2 ) and ammonia (nH 3 ) in pH 4.0 disodium hydrogen phosphate (na 2 Hpo 4 ). Carbocatalytic abilities of GO were triggered in pH 4.0 deionised distilled water (ddH 2 O). Transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and UV-Vis spectroscopy aided in qualitatively and quantitatively assessing GO/Ag nanocomposites. teM and SeM analysis demonstrated the successful use of Go's peroxidase-like and carbocatalytic properties to produce GO/Ag nanocomposite. UV-Vis analysis indicated a higher yield in optical density values for GO/Ag nanocomposites created using GO's carbocatalytic ability rather than its peroxidaselike counterpart. Additionally, CV demonstrated that GO/Ag nanocomposite fabricated here is a product of an irreversible electrochemical reaction. Our study outcomes show new opportunities for GO as a standalone catalyst in biosensing. We demonstrate a sustainable approach to obtain graphene nanocomposites exclusive of harmful chemicals or physical methods.Remarkable optical, thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of graphene have captivated the imaginations of scientists worldwide 1-4 . Graphene is an ideal composite counterpart to create flexible electronics 5,6 , design batteries with enhanced storage capability 7 , prevent steel corrosion 8 , and shield aircraft from heat 9 . Real-world graphene applications have originated across several industries like the Inov-8 running trainers that employ thermal and mechanical qualities of graphene to improve their durability 10 . The famous sports equipment manufacturer, HEAD applied graphene to create stronger tennis rackets with lighter weight distribution 10 . The BAC-Mono formula racing car also uses graphene to boost strength and reduce the mass of its body parts by 20% 11 . Miniaturization of biochemical assays using graphene-based sensors for research and clinical purposes is now a reality with AGILER100 12
“…However, as Ag is monovalent, more research is required to understand the limits of GO's peroxidase-like or intrinsic catalytic properties using divalent, trivalent, and tetravalent inorganic elements 48 . The intrinsic and peroxidase-like catalytic properties of graphene shown here may be seen in its allotropes like carbon nanotubes [49][50][51][52] and fullerenes 53 coupled with epoxy, hydroxyl, and carboxyl groups. Also, in future experiments, radical scavenger study and electron spin resonance technique can help understand the influence of free radicals, O 2 , and OH groups (i.e., resulting from decomposed H 2 O 2 ) on the fabrication of carbon nanocomposites.…”
the present study evaluates the role of graphene oxide's (Go's) peroxidase-like and inherent/ carbocatalytic properties in oxidising silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ) to create graphene nanocomposites with silver nanoparticles (GO/Ag nanocomposite). Activation of peroxidase-like catalytic function of Go required hydrogen peroxide (H 2 o 2 ) and ammonia (nH 3 ) in pH 4.0 disodium hydrogen phosphate (na 2 Hpo 4 ). Carbocatalytic abilities of GO were triggered in pH 4.0 deionised distilled water (ddH 2 O). Transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and UV-Vis spectroscopy aided in qualitatively and quantitatively assessing GO/Ag nanocomposites. teM and SeM analysis demonstrated the successful use of Go's peroxidase-like and carbocatalytic properties to produce GO/Ag nanocomposite. UV-Vis analysis indicated a higher yield in optical density values for GO/Ag nanocomposites created using GO's carbocatalytic ability rather than its peroxidaselike counterpart. Additionally, CV demonstrated that GO/Ag nanocomposite fabricated here is a product of an irreversible electrochemical reaction. Our study outcomes show new opportunities for GO as a standalone catalyst in biosensing. We demonstrate a sustainable approach to obtain graphene nanocomposites exclusive of harmful chemicals or physical methods.Remarkable optical, thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of graphene have captivated the imaginations of scientists worldwide 1-4 . Graphene is an ideal composite counterpart to create flexible electronics 5,6 , design batteries with enhanced storage capability 7 , prevent steel corrosion 8 , and shield aircraft from heat 9 . Real-world graphene applications have originated across several industries like the Inov-8 running trainers that employ thermal and mechanical qualities of graphene to improve their durability 10 . The famous sports equipment manufacturer, HEAD applied graphene to create stronger tennis rackets with lighter weight distribution 10 . The BAC-Mono formula racing car also uses graphene to boost strength and reduce the mass of its body parts by 20% 11 . Miniaturization of biochemical assays using graphene-based sensors for research and clinical purposes is now a reality with AGILER100 12
“…Figs. 2 and 3 show the high-resolution SEM [44, 45, 46, 47] picture of the MWCNTs at different weight fractions seeded in the SG – H 2 O blend nanofluid and the mean diameter of the seeded nanofiber is noticed to be ∼30–40 nm.Fig. 2High-Resolution SEM picture of MWCNTs seeded in the H 2 O/SG mixture (0.15 wt.…”
The main aim of this present work is to explore the influence of dispersion of MWCNTs in a mixture of water-solar glycol (70:30) on its electrical conductivity and thermophysical properties such as density, rheology and thermal conductivity. The MWCNTs were seeded with a various weight percentage of 0.15, 0.3 and 0.45 via a common two-stage synthesis technique. The homogeneous stability of MWCNTs based nanofluids was confirmed by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The density of solar glycol and H
2
O mixture based MWCNTs nanofluids were measured with standard borosil volumetric flask via weighing balance mechanism and the experimental findings displayed a good agreement with the well-known correlation of Pak and Cho owing to the natural packing of H
2
O inside the nanomaterial in a limited quantity. The thermal conductivity of 0.45 wt. % MWCNTs seeding got augmented by 19.12% at ambient temperature while the electrical conductivity got augmented by 93.54% at 50 °C. Therefore, the augmentation in the thermal conductivity of water/solar glycol mixture with 0.45 wt. % MWCNTs seeding is because of the kinetics of nanomaterial accumulation and fluid layering. In addition, mathematical correlations were recommended for estimating the ratio of the thermal conductivity and viscosity of the nanofluid at different weight fractions.
“…CNTs are functionalized by the introduction of diarylcarbene at 100-120°C by nucleophilic carbene addition; covalent bonding between CNTs and diarylcarbene showed better dispersion and remarkable increase in CNT diameter with an average thickness of around 10 nm of the enwrapped PS layers. Das et al have functionalized MWCNTs via sidewall functionalization through electrophilic addition by using HNO 3 ; this technique showed the presence of tubular network with MWCNT diameters in the range of 20-30 nm with a graphitic structure having a dspacing of 0.34 nm [237]. On the other hand, Santangelo has functionalized CNTs by HNO 3 vapors at 135°C; the oxidants attack the graphene structure by electrophilic reactions and generate active sites, such as -C-OH then transform it into -C=O groups or breaks up to carboxyl groups in stronger oxidative environment [58].…”
Section: Properties Of Functionalized Cntsmentioning
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged worldwide because of their remarkable properties enlarging their field of applications. Functionalization of CNTs is a convenient strategy to tackle low dispersion and solubilization of CNTs in many solvents or polymers. It can be done by covalent or noncovalent surface functionalization that is briefly discussed regarding the current literature. Endohedral and exohedral are conventional methods based on covalent and van der Waals bonding forces that are created through CNT functionalization by various materials. In this paper, a review of new approaches and mechanisms of functionalization of CNTs is proposed, including amidation, fluorination, bromination, chlorination, hydrogenation, and electrophilic addition. Our analysis is supported by several characterization methods highlighting recent improvements hence extending the range of applicability of CNTs.
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