Fluorescence dynamics in an optically-excited Tm,Ho:YAG crystal

Fluorescence dynamics of , , and , crystals

“…The rise is similar to the decay of the 3 H 4 state in the same crystal, indicating that the 5 I 7 state is fed through 3 H 4 . This process can occur directly (see above) or through a cross-relaxation 3 H 4 → 3 F 4 , followed by a fast transfer [17][18][19]:…”

Fabrication and optical studies of transparent Tm, Ho:YAG ceramics

“…Available literature data show that attempts have been made to obtain monocrystals both doped and co-doped with holmium and thulium ions such as Tm, Ho:GdVO 4 [16] or Tm, Ho:YAlO 3 [17]. In addition, works of Falconieri et al [18,19] and French et al [20] focusing on the spectroscopic properties of Tm, Ho:YAG crystals and, in particular, energy transfer between dopant ions, have been published. Liu et al [21] and Urata [22,23] have proved that similar phenomena can be observed in Tm, Ho:YAG ceramics.…”

H + implanted channel waveguides in buried epitaxial crystalline YAG:Nd,Tm layers and infrared-to-blue upconversion characterization

“…No infrared to blue upconversion emission from 1 G 4 manifold has been observed to date in Tm:YAG with single wavelength excitation. Interaction between thulium and ytterbium ions 3,4 or between thulium and holmium ions 5 was investigated and gave rise to upconverted blue fluorescence under single wavelength excitation around 930-970 nm ͑Yb 3+ 2 F 7/2 → 2F 5/2 transition͒ or 785 nm ͑Tm 3+ 3 H 6 → 3 H 4 transition͒, respectively, but lasing under such configuration has never been reported.…”