Flumethasone‐Induced Insulin Resistance In Calves

Sternbauer, K; Luthman, J.; Jacobsson, Sven P.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0442.1998.tb00846.x

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…The main target tissues for glucose uptake is considered to be skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. The mean M-values and M/I-indexes reported in Table 4 are in agreement with results obtained in calves of similar age [27,28]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The diabetogenic effect of glucocorticoids is well known [29,28] and stressfull handling of the animals could therefore be expected to influence carbohydrate metabolism. However, the cortisol levels were low during the study period and therefore not interfering with the results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic clamp (HEC) test was originally developed for use in man [5] and has been used with slight modification also in calves [27,28]. The HEC test has been considered to be the most exact method to study insulin sensitivity [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insulin Sensitivity of Heifers on Different Diets

Sternbauer

Luthman

2002

Acta Vet Scand

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The hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp technique was used to investigate the effect on insulin sensitivity of 2 different diets used in practical cattle feeding in calves. Ten 4 to 5-month-old heifer calves were allocated to 2 feeding groups, LO or HI, to obtain growth rates of 400 g/day or 900 g/day. The heifers were fed and housed individually for 5 weeks. Growth rates close to calculated rates were obtained with the diets used. Weekly blood samples were collected from the jugular vein for analysis of glucose, insulin, cortisol, total serum protein, urea, cholesterol and nonesterified fatty acids. During week 5, insulin sensitivity was estimated using the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp technique. Insulin sensitivity did not differ between the groups, but the plasma glucose levels were higher during weeks 3 and 4 for the HI group compared to the LO group. It may be concluded that the amount of concentrate in the diet was too low to induce changes in either the basal plasma insulin levels or the insulin sensitivity in the HI group.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insulin Sensitivity of Heifers on Different Diets

Sternbauer

Luthman

2002

Acta Vet Scand

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“…Compared with CG, SSGIR was decreased in DG‐cows 1 day after dexamethasone treatment by approximately 50% during HEC‐II and 30% during HEC‐IV, which is somewhat less than the 75% decrease found in calves after flumethasone treatment by an insulin infusion rate of 3 mU/kg/min. However, the reported flumethasone‐induced decrease in ISI by about 75% in calves was comparable to the results of this study. Differences in SSGIR results may be explained by the different drugs used and the different metabolic situation of calves and lactating cows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…The complex effects of glucocorticoids on insulin resistance with subsequent alterations in insulin-mediated whole-body glucose uptake and antilipolytic action of insulin have been reported in humans, [8][9][10] horses, [11][12][13] and calves. 6,14 Although marked differences in digestion of carbohydrates and regulation of glucose homeostasis exist between monogastric animals and ruminating cattle, 15 effects of dexamethasone on insulin resistance have not yet been studied in early lactating dairy cows.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Dexamethasone‐21‐Isonicotinate on Peripheral Insulin Action in Dairy Cows 5 days after Surgical Correction of Abomasal Displacement

Kusenda

Kaske

Marion

et al. 2012

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Dexamethasone frequently is used for treatment of ketosis in dairy cows, but its effects are not fully understood.Hypothesis: Dexamethasone treatment affects whole body insulin sensitivity. Animals: Twelve German Holstein cows, 2-4 weeks postpartum, 5 days after omentopexy to correct left abomasal displacement.Methods: Randomized, blinded, case-control study. Treatment with dexamethasone-21-isonicotinate (DG; 40 lg/kg IM; n = 6) or saline (control group [CG], 15 mL IM, n = 6) on day 0 (d0). Blood samples were obtained before (d0) and after treatment (d1 and d2), and analyzed for glucose, insulin, and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations. Hepatic triglycerides (TAG) were measured in liver samples taken on d0 and d2. Five consecutive hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps (HEC-I-V; insulin dosages: 0.1, 0.5, 2, 5, 10 mU/kg/min, respectively) were performed on d1 and steady state glucose infusion rate (SSGIR), insulin concentration (SSIC), insulin sensitivity index (ISI = SSGIR/SSIC), and plasma NEFA concentration (SSNEFA) were assessed.Results: Compared with CG-cows, DG-cows on d1 had higher plasma glucose (P = .004) and insulin (P < .001) concentrations, decreased SSGIR (HEC-II, P = .002; HEC-IV, P = .033), ISI (HEC-I, P < .015; HEC-II, P = .004), and insulin-stimulated decrease in SSNEFA (HEC-II, P = .006; HEC-III, P = .01; HEC-IV, P = .003; HEC-V, P = .011). Decrease in hepatic TAG content in DG-cows was higher compared with CG-cows (P < .001).Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Dexamethasone decreases whole body insulin sensitivity and affects glucose and lipid metabolism in early lactating dairy cows.

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