Flowering, Sex Expression, and Fruiting of Pumpkin (Cucurbita sp.) Cultivars under Various Temperatures in Greenhouse and Distant Field Trials

Wien, H.C.; Stapleton, Suzanne; Maynard, Donald N.; McClurg, Charles A.; Riggs, D.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.39.2.239

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It is affected by genetic, environmental and hormonal factors [57, 58]. Zucchini and Scallop do differ in flowering time, mainly in the days to the development of the first male and female flower, being the Scallop parental more late-flowering than Zucchini squash (average DMaF 18 to 23.5 versus 21 to 24.5 days and DFeF 18 to 30 versus 31.5 to 42 for Zucchini and Scallop in the three environments, respectively).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An SNP-based saturated genetic map and QTL analysis of fruit-related traits in Zucchini using Genotyping-by-sequencing

et al. 2017

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Background Cucurbita pepo is a cucurbit with growing economic importance worldwide. Zucchini morphotype is the most important within this highly variable species. Recently, transcriptome and Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR)- and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)-based medium density maps have been reported, however further genomic tools are needed for efficient molecular breeding in the species. Our objective is to combine currently available complete transcriptomes and the Zucchini genome sequence with high throughput genotyping methods, mapping population development and extensive phenotyping to facilitate the advance of genomic research in this species.ResultsWe report the Genotyping-by-sequencing analysis of a RIL population developed from the inter subspecific cross Zucchini x Scallop (ssp. pepo x ssp. ovifera). Several thousands of SNP markers were identified and genotyped, followed by the construction of a high-density linkage map based on 7,718 SNPs (average of 386 markers/linkage group) covering 2,817.6 cM of the whole genome, which is a great improvement with respect to previous maps. A QTL analysis was performed using phenotypic data obtained from the RIL population from three environments. In total, 48 consistent QTLs for vine, flowering and fruit quality traits were detected on the basis of a multiple-environment analysis, distributed in 33 independent positions in 15 LGs, and each QTL explained 1.5–62.9% of the phenotypic variance. Eight major QTLs, which could explain greater than 20% of the phenotypic variation were detected and the underlying candidate genes identified.ConclusionsHere we report the first SNP saturated map in the species, anchored to the physical map. Additionally, several consistent QTLs related to early flowering, fruit shape and length, and rind and flesh color are reported as well as candidate genes for them. This information will enhance molecular breeding in C. pepo and will assist the gene cloning underlying the studied QTLs, helping to reveal the genetic basis of the studied processes in squash.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3439-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An SNP-based saturated genetic map and QTL analysis of fruit-related traits in Zucchini using Genotyping-by-sequencing

et al. 2017

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“…Winter conditions, with short days, low light intensity and low night temperatures promote the production of female flowers, while summer conditions increase the production of male flowers (Wien 1997;Peñaranda et al 2007). In C. pepo, low temperature inhibits the development of male flowers and increases the number of female flower per plant (Wien et al 2004), while high temperature induces both a partial transformation of female flowers into hermaphrodites and a complete transformation of female flowers into male ones (Peñaranda et al 2007). Phytohormones are the main modulators of sex expression in the Cucurbitaceae family.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of ethylene and brassinosteroids in the control of sex expression and flower development in Cucurbita pepo

et al. 2011

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In this paper we compare the sensitivity of different squash genotypes to ethylene and brassinosteroids by studying the effects of different ethylene and brassinosteroid treatments on the sexual expression and flower development of different C. pepo genotypes: Bolognese (Bog) and Vegetable Spaghetti (Veg), two contrasting lines for ethylene production and sensitivity, as well as Cora, a standard commercial hybrid. Results have demonstrated that ethylene has a much greater effect on sexual expression and flower development in C. pepo than brassinosteroids. Ethephon increases the number of female flowers per plant and reduces the first male phase of development, while treatments with the ethylene inhibitors AVG and STS reduce the number of female flowers per plant and expand the first male phase of development. The differential response observed between genotypes appears to be related to ethylene production and sensitivity. Bog, which produces more ethylene and is more sensitive to this hormone, responded much better to AVG and STS, reducing the number of female flowers per plant, while Veg, which is characterised by lower production of and sensitivity to ethylene, responded better to ethephon by reducing the first male phase of development and increasing the number of female flowers per plant. The differential abortion of female and male flowers in ethephon, AVG and STS treatments, as well as the occurrence of bisexual flowers in the AVG and STS treated plants of the more ethylene sensitive genotypes, demonstrate that ethylene is also involved in the development of female flowers. Female flower buds require a minimal level of ethylene not only to complete their development and maturation without a premature abortion, but also to arrest the development of stamens in the third whorl and to promote the appropriate growth of the carpels. On the contrary, the role of brassinosteroids in the sexual expression of C. pepo was not so evident. The application of brassinazole, an inhibitor of brassinosteroid biosynthesis slightly changes the production of ethylene in the three analysed genotypes, but those changes have little effect on their sexual phenotypes, and they do not alter the development of the unisexual flowers.

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“…There was no significant difference in the ratio of female flowers to the total number of flowers in any treatments. Temperature is an important external environmental factor for female differentiation of Cucurbita-ceae plants, the family to which zucchini belongs [18]. All experiments in the present study were conducted under the same conditions in the same greenhouse to ensure the same external variables.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Required amounts of medium and fertilizer for potted culture of zucchini

Ikeura¹,

Tokuda²,

Hayata³

2012

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In Japan, zucchini culture has yet to get underway, and the current costs of zucchini can be attributed to damage from soil-borne disease and the unstable yields due to seasonal change of female flowers. Eradication of these problems will lead to stable supply and a consequent price reduction of zucchini fruits. We previously clarified the efficacy of potted culture as a new culture method for zucchini, but potted culture can be burdensome as the weak water and nutrient retention capacity of the medium warrants its regular replacement. To solve this problem, in this study, we investigated the blend ratio for mixing rice husk charcoal with peat and the amount of fertilizer required for potted culture of zucchini. Results revealed no significant differences in the length of the largest leaf, total number of flowers, number of female flowers, and the ratio of female flowers to total flowers with different blend ratios of rice husk charcoal to peat. However, the number of harvested fruits increased with higher ratios of rice husk charcoal to peat and was highest at 80:20. The length of the largest leaf increased with increased amounts of fertilizer, with the best response was at 200 g. No significant differences were noted between the ratio of female flowers to total flowers in any treatments. In addition, the number of harvested fruits was highest with 160 g and 200 g of fertilizer. Taken together, the optimal blend ratio of rice husk charcoal to peat is 80:20, and the optimal amount of fertilizer with this ratio is 160 g

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Flowering, Sex Expression, and Fruiting of Pumpkin (Cucurbita sp.) Cultivars under Various Temperatures in Greenhouse and Distant Field Trials

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

An SNP-based saturated genetic map and QTL analysis of fruit-related traits in Zucchini using Genotyping-by-sequencing

An SNP-based saturated genetic map and QTL analysis of fruit-related traits in Zucchini using Genotyping-by-sequencing

The role of ethylene and brassinosteroids in the control of sex expression and flower development in Cucurbita pepo

Required amounts of medium and fertilizer for potted culture of zucchini

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