Flowering of Sugarcane Genotypes  under Different Artificial Photoperiod  Conditions

Melloni, Maria Letícia Guindalini; Melloni, Maria Natália Guindalini; Scarpari, Maximiliano Salles; García, Julio César; Landell, Marcos Guimarães de Andrade; Pinto, Luciana Rossini

doi:10.4236/ajps.2015.63051

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Within certain study sites (e.g., site 5), some cultivars showed pollen viability of 70%, while others had <10%. A similar study in Brazil reported 100% viable pollen in some cultivars while others showed pollen viability of <9%, under the same environmental conditions (Melloni et al, 2015 ). Pollen viability has also been closely associated with genotype (Nair, 1975 ; Pagliarini, 2000 ; Melloni et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Assessing the Likelihood of Gene Flow From Sugarcane (Saccharum Hybrids) to Wild Relatives in South Africa

Snyman

Komape

Khanyi

et al. 2018

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Pre-commercialization studies on environmental biosafety of genetically modified (GM) crops are necessary to evaluate the potential for sexual hybridization with related plant species that occur in the release area. The aim of the study was a preliminary assessment of factors that may contribute to gene flow from sugarcane (Saccharum hybrids) to indigenous relatives in the sugarcane production regions of Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal provinces, South Africa. In the first instance, an assessment of Saccharum wild relatives was conducted based on existing phylogenies and literature surveys. The prevalence, spatial overlap, proximity, distribution potential, and flowering times of wild relatives in sugarcane production regions based on the above, and on herbaria records and field surveys were conducted for Imperata, Sorghum, Cleistachne, and Miscanthidium species. Eleven species were selected for spatial analyses based on their presence within the sugarcane cultivation region: four species in the Saccharinae and seven in the Sorghinae. Secondly, fragments of the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the 5.8s ribosomal gene and two chloroplast genes, ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase (rbcL), and maturase K (matK) were sequenced or assembled from short read data to confirm relatedness between Saccharum hybrids and its wild relatives. Phylogenetic analyses of the ITS cassette showed that the closest wild relative species to commercial sugarcane were Miscanthidium capense, Miscanthidium junceum, and Narenga porphyrocoma. Sorghum was found to be more distantly related to Saccharum than previously described. Based on the phylogeny described in our study, the only species to highlight in terms of evolutionary divergence times from Saccharum are those within the genus Miscanthidium, most especially M. capense, and M. junceum which are only 3 million years divergent from Saccharum. Field assessment of pollen viability of 13 commercial sugarcane cultivars using two stains, iodine potassium iodide (IKI) and triphenyl tetrazolium chloride, showed decreasing pollen viability (from 85 to 0%) from the north to the south eastern regions of the study area. Future work will include other aspects influencing gene flow such as cytological compatibility and introgression between sugarcane and Miscanthidium species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Assessing the Likelihood of Gene Flow From Sugarcane (Saccharum Hybrids) to Wild Relatives in South Africa

Snyman

Komape

Khanyi

et al. 2018

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Early and late flowering in different varieties might be due to the difference in maturity period of the varieties/genotypes. On the other hand Melloni et al (2015) illustrated that one of the difficulties found in their work was the balance between induction and flowering of the genotypes within and among the treatments. In the present study, some genotypes that did not synchronized with each other at the full flowering stage when planted in the same season, we found them synchronized when they planted in different seasons, such as plant cane in autumn season (Table 2), where the full flowering of genotype G2006-3 was after 502.67 days and genotype BO41-227 was after 455.67 days.…”

Section: Results Presented Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this crop, flowering shows a range of variation among the varieties. Melloni et al (2015) reported that flowering is essential to any breeding programme to promote crosses. Floral induction is usually observed prior to panicle emergence through stalk elongation, lateral sprouting and flag leaf emission.…”

Section: Results Presented Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flowering Synchronization in Some Sugarcane Genotypes at Various Planting Dates under Natural Environment

2017

Alexandria Science Exchange Journal: An International Quarterly

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Flowering is essential in any breeding programme, particularly in genetic introgression programmes in which flowering synchronism is required. Due to changing weather conditions, the flowering vary in different planting dates with different conditions. In this work, sixteen sugarcane genotypes from different countries were tested for flowering under natural environment of Sabahia (31⁰ 12՝ N), Alexandria, Egypt. It was observed that latitude, mean minimum and maximum temperature and length of day during flowering inductive phase (September and October) were within acceptable limits to favour the flowering in sugarcane. However, flowering occurred in most of the cane genotypes under natural environment in autumn and spring seasons in both plant cane and first ratoon, but the time and percentage of flowered genotypes differed between them. Data revealed that there were some genotypes that have the same full flowering date within each planting season, moreover some genotypes which had different dates of full flowering in the same planting season had the same date with each other in another different seasons in plant cane crop. That means two or more genotypes can be synchronized in two different planting seasons. Those genotypes which synchronized with each other can be easily crossed. In general, the early stages of flowering in sugarcane germplasm under study commenced from November, but full flowering began during the month of December. In the present study, some genotypes differed in the flowering dates in each planting season. It's possible to make crossing between certain genotypes efficiently by manipulating the dates of planting.

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“…Further improvements in the number of genotypes that can be flowered in our greenhouse might be obtained by adjusting the rate of decline in photoperiod. Recently, two studies found that a photoperiod decline of 40-45 sec d -1 was likely superior to 30 or 60 d -1 for flowering most sugarcane genotypes (Berding et al, 2010;Melloni et al, 2015).…”

Section: Flowering Sugarcane At 40 Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing flowering time inMiscanthusand sugarcane to facilitate intra- and intergeneric crosses

Dong

Clark

Jin

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Miscanthus is a close relative of Saccharum and a potentially valuable genetic resource for improving sugarcane. Differences in flowering time within and between Miscanthus and Saccharum hinders intra- and interspecific hybridizations. A series of greenhouse experiments were conducted over three years to determine how to synchronize flowering time of Saccharum and Miscanthus genotypes. We found that day length was an important factor influencing when Miscanthus and Saccharum flowered. Sugarcane could be induced to flower in a central Illinois greenhouse using supplemental lighting to reduce the rate at which days shortened during the autumn and winter to 1 min d-1, which allowed us to synchronize the flowering of some sugarcane genotypes with Miscanthus genotypes primarily from low latitudes. In a complementary growth chamber experiment, we evaluated 33 Miscanthus genotypes, including 28 M. sinensis, 2 M. floridulus, and 3 M. ×giganteus collected from 20.9° S to 44.9° N for response to three day lengths (10 h, 12.5 h, and 15 h). High latitude-adapted M. sinensis flowered mainly under 15 h days, but unexpectedly, short days resulted in short, stocky plants that did not flower; in some cases, flag leaves developed under short days but heading did not occur. In contrast, for M. sinensis and M. floridulus from low latitudes, shorter day lengths typically resulted in earlier flowering, and for some low latitude genotypes, 15 h days resulted in no flowering. However, the highest ratio of reproductive shoots to total number of culms was typically observed for 12.5 h or 15 h days. Latitude of origin was significantly associated with culm length, and the shorter the days, the stronger the relationship. Nearly all entries achieved maximal culm length under the 15 h treatment, but the nearer to the equator an accession originated, the less of a difference in culm length between the short-day treatments and the 15 h day treatment. Under short days, short culms for high-latitude accessions was achieved by different physiological mechanisms for M. sinensis genetic groups from the mainland in comparison to those from Japan; for mainland accessions, the mechanism was reduced internode length, whereas for Japanese accessions the phyllochron under short days was greater than under long days. Thus, for M. sinensis, short days typically hastened floral induction, consistent with the expectations for a facultative short-day plant. However, for high latitude accessions of M. sinensis, days less than 12.5 h also signaled that plants should prepare for winter by producing many short culms with limited elongation and development; moreover, this response was also epistatic to flowering. Thus, to flower M. sinensis that originates from high latitudes synchronously with sugarcane, the former needs day lengths >12.5 h (perhaps as high as 15 h), whereas that the latter needs day lengths <12.5 h.

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Flowering of Sugarcane Genotypes under Different Artificial Photoperiod Conditions

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

Assessing the Likelihood of Gene Flow From Sugarcane (Saccharum Hybrids) to Wild Relatives in South Africa

Assessing the Likelihood of Gene Flow From Sugarcane (Saccharum Hybrids) to Wild Relatives in South Africa

Flowering Synchronization in Some Sugarcane Genotypes at Various Planting Dates under Natural Environment

Managing flowering time inMiscanthusand sugarcane to facilitate intra- and intergeneric crosses

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