Flower Flies (Syrphidae) and Other Biological Control Agents for Aphids in Vegetable Crops

Bugg, Robert L.; Colfer, Ramy; Chaney, William E.; Smith, Hugh A.; Cannon, James M.

doi:10.3733/ucanr.8285

Cited by 65 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Prior to identification, specimens captured by bee bowls were processed according to methods described by Droege (2011). Dichotomous keys and identification guides were used to identify bees (Ascher and Pickering 2012) and flies (McAlpine 1981, Bugg et al 2008, Triplehorn and Johnson 2005. When possible, individuals were identified to species.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of Soybean Insect Pollinators: Community Identification and Sampling Method Analysis

Gill

O’Neal

2015

Environmental Entomology

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Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, flowers can be a source of nectar and pollen for honey bees, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), wild social and solitary bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), and flower-visiting flies (Diptera). Our objectives were to describe the pollinator community in soybean fields, determine which sampling method is most appropriate for characterizing their abundance and diversity, and gain insight into which pollinator taxa may contact soybean pollen. We compared modified pan traps (i.e., bee bowls), yellow sticky traps, and sweep nets for trapping pollinators in Iowa soybean fields when soybeans were blooming (i.e., reproductive stages R1-R6) during 2011 and 2012. When all trap type captures were combined, we collected 5,368 individuals and at least 50 species. Per trap type, the most pollinators were captured in bee bowls (3,644 individuals, 44 species), yellow sticky traps (1,652 individuals, 32 species), and sweep nets (66 individuals, 10 species). The most abundant species collected include Agapostemon virescens F. and Lasioglossum (Dialictus) species (Hymenoptera: Halictidae), Melissodes bimaculata Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Apidae), and Toxomerus marginatus Say (Diptera: Syrphidae). To determine if these pollinators were foraging on soybean flowers, we looked for soybean pollen on the most abundant bee species collected that had visible pollen loads. We found soybean pollen alone or intermixed with pollen grains from other plant species on 29 and 38% of the bees examined in 2011 and 2012, respectively. Our data suggest a diverse community of pollinators-composed of mostly native, solitary bees-visit soybean fields and forage on their flowers within Iowa. RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. ABSTRACT Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, flowers can be a source of nectar and pollen for honey bees, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), wild social and solitary bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), and flower-visiting flies (Diptera). Our objectives were to describe the pollinator community in soybean fields, determine which sampling method is most appropriate for characterizing their abundance and diversity, and gain insight into which pollinator taxa may contact soybean pollen. We compared modified pan traps (i.e., bee bowls), yellow sticky traps, and sweep nets for trapping pollinators in Iowa soybean fields when soybeans were blooming (i.e., reproductive stages R1-R6) during 2011 and 2012. When all trap type captures were combined, we collected 5,368 individuals and at least 50 species. Per trap type, the most pollinators were captured in bee bowls (3,644 individuals, 44 species), yellow sticky traps (1,652 individuals, 32 species), and sweep nets (66 individuals, 10 species). The most abundant species collected include Agapostemon virescens F. and Lasioglossum (Dialictus) species (Hymenoptera: Halictidae), Melissodes bimaculata Lepeletier (Hymenopt...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of Soybean Insect Pollinators: Community Identification and Sampling Method Analysis

Gill

O’Neal

2015

Environmental Entomology

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“…The presence and abundance of hoverfly species that are natural predators of a wide range of homopterans (pest insects) is greatly important for pest control (Bugg et al 2008). On the one hand, dehesas may play a key role as refuges and reproduction areas of natural enemies that assist in controlling the pests of neighbouring crops.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hoverflies of an Oak Dehesa from Spain, with a New Species and Other Insights into the Taxonomy of theEumerus tricolorGroup (Diptera: Syrphidae)

et al. 2018

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Abstract.-Dehesas are typical Mediterranean habitats for extensive livestock raising. Hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) may act as bioindicators in dehesas, but they are still poorly known in this habitat type. With the purpose of the present study, hoverfly diversity was surveyed in Campanarios de Azaba, a typical oak dehesa in Salamanca province, Spain. A total of 41 species were recorded, including Eumerus azabense sp. nov. This new species was found to belong to the Eumerus tricolor group, both in morphological and genetic terms, and clearly separated (DNA characters) from the similar Eumerus niveitibia, which is redescribed here. Genetic monophyly of the E. tricolor group is confirmed in the present paper. An updated hoverfly checklist of Salamanca province is provided (152 sp.) with indication of the 56 species recorded in Campanarios de Azaba. Obtained results address the importance of dehesa biodiversity, which includes species new to science.

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“…The larvae of most Allograpta species are predators of hemipteran pests (see Rojo et al, 2003 for a review of published prey records) and represent effective biological control agents (BCA) (Bugg et al, 2008;Smith et al, 2008). The larvae have such voracity that enables them to reduce aphid populations and to exercise control over these insect pests (Schneider, 1969;Nelson et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A. exotica is abundant in its natural range and a common aphidophagous species in several crops of economic importance (Rojo et al, 2003;Bugg et al, 2008). Adult (Wiedemann 1824) and Allograpta obliqua (Say 1823), but not A. exotica (Rojo et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life table and predation rates of the syrphid fly Allograpta exotica, a control agent of the cowpea aphid Aphis craccivora

et al. 2017

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Please cite this article as: Arcaya, E., Pérez-bañ ón, C., Mengual, X., zubcoff-vallejo, J.j., Rojo, S., Life table and predation rates of the syrphid fly Allograpta exotica, a control agent of the cowpea aphid Aphis craccivora, Biological Control (2017), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.biocontrol.2017.09.009 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. The average recorded duration of A. exotica development was 2.0, 7.4 and 5.7 days for eggs, larvae and pupae respectively, and 15.04 days from egg to adult emergence. The adult longevity was not significantly sex dependent, but imagoes lived longer than in previous studies. The offspring sex ratio was favorable to males. The mortality and survival rate were recorded on a daily basis for all immature stages and adults. The age specific survival rate was determined and the highest mortality occurred in eggs followed by mortality in 1st and 2nd instar larva.Moreover, in the present study different levels of aphid densities 10, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 and 100 were used to calculate the functional response. Based on logistic regression analyses the three instar larvae and the whole larval stage (first to third instar) exhibited a type II functional response. Handling time was shortest for the third larval instar followed by second and first instars. Potential use of A. exotica in augmentative biological control is discussed.

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Flower Flies (Syrphidae) and Other Biological Control Agents for Aphids in Vegetable Crops

Cited by 65 publications

References 65 publications

Survey of Soybean Insect Pollinators: Community Identification and Sampling Method Analysis

Survey of Soybean Insect Pollinators: Community Identification and Sampling Method Analysis

The Hoverflies of an Oak Dehesa from Spain, with a New Species and Other Insights into the Taxonomy of theEumerus tricolorGroup (Diptera: Syrphidae)

Life table and predation rates of the syrphid fly Allograpta exotica, a control agent of the cowpea aphid Aphis craccivora

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