Flower constancy and learning in foraging preferences of the green‐veined white butterfly <i>Pleris napi</i>

Goulson, Dave; Cory, J. S.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2311.1993.tb01107.x

Cited by 120 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Of butterflies with a tapetum, the visual characteristics of the Pieridae have been intensely investigated in the last few decades (Obara and Hidaka 1968;Ribi 1978Ribi , 1979aRibi , 1979bRibi , 1980Kolb 1978;Scherer and Kolb 1987;Shimohigashi and Tominaga 1991;Goulson and Cory 1993;Kandori and Ohsaki 1996). The study of Shimohigashi and Tominaga (1991) is of specific interest, as it shows that the compound eye of the small white, Pieris rapae, contains at least five different classes of spectral receptors, similar to those of Papilio xuthus (Arikawa et al 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ommatidial heterogeneity in the compound eye of the male small white butterfly, Pieris rapae crucivora

Qiu

Vanhoutte

Stavenga

et al. 2002

Cell and Tissue Research

103

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Ommatidial heterogeneity in the compound eye of the male small white butterfly, Pieris rapae crucivora Qiu, XD; Vanhoutte, KAJ; Stavenga, Doekele; Arikawa, K; Qiu, Xudong Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 11-05-2018Abstract The ommatidia in the ventral two-thirds of the compound eye of male Pieris rapae crucivora are not uniform. Each ommatidium contains nine photoreceptor cells. Four cells (R1-4) form the distal two-thirds of the rhabdom, four cells (R5-8) approximately occupy the proximal one-third of the rhabdom, and the ninth cell (R9) takes up a minor basal part of the rhabdom. The R5-8 photoreceptor cells contain clusters of reddish pigment adjacent to the rhabdom. From the position of the pigment clusters, three types of ommatidia can be identified: the trapezoidal (type I), square (type II), and rectangular type (type III). Microspectrophotometry with an epi-illumination microscope has revealed that the reflectance spectra of type I and type III ommatidia peak at 635 nm and those of type II ommatidia peak at 675 nm. The bandwith of the reflectance spectra is 40-50 nm. Type II ommatidia strongly fluoresce under ultra-violet and violet epi-illumination. The three types of ommatidia are randomly distributed. The ommatidial heterogeneity is presumably crucial for color discrimination.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ommatidial heterogeneity in the compound eye of the male small white butterfly, Pieris rapae crucivora

Qiu

Vanhoutte

Stavenga

et al. 2002

Cell and Tissue Research

103

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“…Consequently, many animals have developed highly stereotyped food preferences. For example, bees have consistent preferences for objects that contain symmetrically radial patterns (an efficient way to recognize flowers) [1], flower colour facilitates learning of foraging behaviour in bees [2], butterflies [3] and birds [4,5], and innate colour preferences allow an efficient harvest of local nectar in the bumblebee Bombus terrestris [6]. Preferences for coloured food items may also have shaped visual sensitivities in primates, where the maintenance of trichromatic vision is thought to be linked to food detection [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial selection for food colour preferences

Cole

Endler

2015

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Colour is an important factor in food detection and acquisition by animals using visually based foraging. Colour can be used to identify the suitability of a food source or improve the efficiency of food detection, and can even be linked to mate choice. Food colour preferences are known to exist, but whether these preferences are heritable and how these preferences evolve is unknown. Using the freshwater fish Poecilia reticulata, we artificially selected for chase behaviour towards two different-coloured moving stimuli: red and blue spots. A response to selection was only seen for chase behaviours towards the red, with realized heritabilities ranging from 0.25 to 0.30. Despite intense selection, no significant chase response was recorded for the blue-selected lines. This lack of response may be due to the motion-detection mechanism in the guppy visual system and may have novel implications for the evolvability of responses to colour-related signals. The behavioural response to several colours after five generations of selection suggests that the colour opponency system of the fish may regulate the response to selection.

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“…Once at the flower, associative learning comes into play; moths and butterflies can readily associate colors (Crane, 1955;Goulson and Cory, 1993;Goyret et al, 2008;Kinoshita et al, 1999;Swihart, 1971;Weiss, 1997) or patterns (Kelber et al, 2002) (M. C. Wadlington and M.R.W., unpublished data) with sugar rewards, and avoid colors that lack reward (Kelber, 1996) or provide aversive stimuli (Rodrigues et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Color vision and learning in the monarch butterfly,Danaus plexippus(Nymphalidae)

Blackiston

Briscoe

Weiss

2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

106

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SUMMARYThe monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus, is well known for its intimate association with milkweed plants and its incredible multigenerational trans-continental migrations. However, little is known about monarch butterflies' color perception or learning ability, despite the importance of visual information to butterfly behavior in the contexts of nectar foraging, host-plant location and mate recognition. We used both theoretical and experimental approaches to address basic questions about monarch color vision and learning ability. Color space modeling based on the three known spectral classes of photoreceptors present in the eye suggests that monarchs should not be able to discriminate between long wavelength colors without making use of a dark orange lateral filtering pigment distributed heterogeneously in the eye. In the context of nectar foraging, monarchs show strong innate preferences, rapidly learn to associate colors with sugar rewards and learn non-innately preferred colors as quickly and proficiently as they do innately preferred colors. Butterflies also demonstrate asymmetric confusion between specific pairs of colors, which is likely a function of stimulus brightness. Monarchs readily learn to associate a second color with reward, and in general, learning parameters do not vary with temporal sequence of training. In addition, monarchs have true color vision; that is, they can discriminate colors on the basis of wavelength, independent of intensity. Finally, behavioral trials confirm that monarchs do make use of lateral filtering pigments to enhance long-wavelength discrimination. Our results demonstrate that monarchs are proficient and flexible color learners; these capabilities should allow them to respond rapidly to changing nectar availabilities as they travel over migratory routes, across both space and time.Supplementary material available online at

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Flower constancy and learning in foraging preferences of the green‐veined white butterfly Pleris napi

Cited by 120 publications

References 26 publications

Ommatidial heterogeneity in the compound eye of the male small white butterfly, Pieris rapae crucivora

Ommatidial heterogeneity in the compound eye of the male small white butterfly, Pieris rapae crucivora

Artificial selection for food colour preferences

Color vision and learning in the monarch butterfly,Danaus plexippus(Nymphalidae)

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