Flow rate and fixation of ACQ-D preservative in poplar living tree after injection

Li, Zhu; Wang, Xuan; Zhang, Yaoli; Wen, Liang; Zheng, Lin; Cai, Liping

doi:10.1007/s00226-019-01079-y

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…As the main channels driven by transpiration, the vessels were inclined to accumulate in a large area, whereas the fiber cells, being blind-ended, could only be transmitted through the pores, and, thus, it was easy for them to deposit at the pits. Such deposition rule of the inorganic substances in wood cells conforms to the findings of Liu et al [ 12 ]. The 1 mmol/L TEOS treatment only had substantial sediments in some vessels, and it probably occurred because the solution with a lower concentration was transported to other tissues of the trees with the trunk sap flow.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…After the standing tree was drilled and impregnated, the liquid was distributed in the trunk in an irregular way. This was basically correlated with the molecular weight, concentration and growth environment of the impregnating liquid [ 12 , 15 ], among which the concentration had the biggest influence on the lateral diffusion of the liquid. A previous work stated that liquid concentration was negatively correlated with penetration depth in lateral transportation [ 16 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biomineralization is a “living” life system that can be adopted as a new model for standing tree modification. Recently, Liu [ 12 ] delivered alkaline copper quaternary (ACQ) into plantation poplar wood by perforating in a tree stem and investigated the effect factors on the flow rate of the ACQ preservative. Shi et al [ 13 ] injected tetrabutylorthotitanate (TBOT)/absolute ethanol into poplar stem and found that a roughly spherical and uniform dispersion of TiO 2 particles formed in the wood vessel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Induced Wood-Inorganic Composites in Standing Trees via Slow-Release Drip

et al. 2022

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It is a novel idea to fabricate wood-inorganic composites by utilizing the transpiration of bionic trees to realize the self-assembly of inorganic precursors in wood formation. We selected a 10-year-old poplar and diffused the solvent or sol containing SiO2 precursor into the xylem via the slow-release drip method. In combination with the moisture in xylem, reactions such as hydrolysis, polycondensation and self-assembly were induced in order to form wood inorganic composites. It was found, through microscopic observation, that such inorganic substances were yellowish brown and widely existed in vessels, wood fibers and ray cells. For the new grown wood, the fiber–tissue ratio and cell wall thickness underwent an increase, while the vessel diameter and tissue ratio experienced a decline. Moreover, such change was related to the concentration of precursors. EDS analysis proved that the elemental composition of sediments in wood cells was C, O, Si, K and Ca. XPS confirmed that the newly formed wood contained silicon oxide, illustrating that the standing tree slow-release drip technology could induce wood to fabricate inorganic composites.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Induced Wood-Inorganic Composites in Standing Trees via Slow-Release Drip

et al. 2022

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“…3, the bands at 3400 cm − 1 and 2926 cm − 1 declined, revealing that the hydroxy and aliphatic acid extractives of wood might react with the active ingredients, Cu and B of CFP-WP, during the modi cation process. Signi cant shift even disappearance of the peaks of treated samples occurred at 1735 cm − 1 , assigned to acetyl group, indicating the modi cation of hemicellulose during preservative impregnation, especially the samples treated by P 2 and P 3 (Liu et al 2019). The absorption bands at 1650 cm − 1 and 1590 cm − 1 of the samples treated by P 2 and P 3 shifted to 1580 cm − 1 , even disappeared at 1505 cm − 1 , assigned to aromatic skeleton, suggesting the modi cation of lignin.…”

Section: Ft-ir Analysis Of Cfp-wp and Its Treated Woodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulating environmentally benign wood preservatives based on chicken feather protein combined with copper and boron salts

Xia

Zhou

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Chicken feather is employed as a source of protein and combined with copper and boron salts to prepare chicken feather protein-based wood preservatives (CFP-WP). The treatability, leachability, chemical structure, crystallinity, thermal properties, micromorphology and decay resistance against fungi of treated wood samples are investigated to explore the efficacy and working mechanisms. The results showed that CFP-WP could penetrate into the wood structure, and NMR analysis indicated the small molecule amino acids hydrolyzed from chicken feather could successfully penetrate into wood. Furthermore, results of FT-IR, XRD, TGA/DTG analysis showed that the active ingredients of preservatives could interact with wood constituents, and CFP-WP were well fixed onto wood blocks. The morphology analysis and decay experiments verified that CFP-WP could protect wood against decay fungi efficiently and prolong the wood service life in consequence. The excellent functionalities of CFP-WP suggests that this eco-formulation could offer great potential to be used as environmentally benign wood preservatives with a more competitive cost.

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“…However, the loss of copper ions and some ammonium species deteriorates the resistance of the wood because of the active ingredient in ACQ is soluble in water (Druz et al 2001, Li et al 2006, Civardi et al 2015, Tang et al 2018. In production, the volume loading of ACQ in the wood was improved by increasing the pressure, and classify the wood's corrosion resistance level (Liu et al 2019, Yildiz et al 2010, Jin et al 2016. In fact, large volume doi:/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/65.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the permeation and fixation of ACQ-C in poplar

Hong¹,

Hu²,

Jin³

et al. 2020

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In this paper, the effects of atmospheric pressure, vacuum and vacuum pressure impregnation on the permeability of alkaline copper quat in poplar were studied, and the permeability and fixation of preservatives were improved by pretreatment of poplar. The results show that the volume loading of wood can be increased by about 60-150% after 30 min of vacuum treatment, so the vacuum method is a simple and efficient preservation treatment method. In addition, ethanol treatment, heat treatment and microwave treatment can increase the fixation rate of copper ions by 5-10%, but the fixation rate of copper ions dropped by 17.83% after NaOH treatment for the dissolution of partial hemicellulose.

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Flow rate and fixation of ACQ-D preservative in poplar living tree after injection

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Induced Wood-Inorganic Composites in Standing Trees via Slow-Release Drip

Induced Wood-Inorganic Composites in Standing Trees via Slow-Release Drip

Formulating environmentally benign wood preservatives based on chicken feather protein combined with copper and boron salts

Study on the permeation and fixation of ACQ-C in poplar

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