Flow Rate and Concentration‐dependent Effects of Molecular Dynamics on Elution Behaviors of Flexible Polymers in Gel Permeation Chromatography: A Multi‐angle Laser Light Scattering Study

Characterization of Starch by Size-Exclusion Chromatography: The Limitations Imposed by Shear Scission

“…Because a large macromolecule can undergo distortion under shear without scission, the possibility must be considered that the observation of changes in apparent size distribution with flow rate may originate from this effect. , This would be similar to the effect(s) responsible for so-called “molecular topology fractionation” , and “slalom chromatography”, whereby separation based on branching structure can be achieved. This would produce a general broadening of the apparent size distribution, toward both lower and higher sizes, with flow rate; which effects dominate could in principle be quantified through the Deborah number De , which is the ratio of hydrodynamic to Brownian forces .…”

“…While R h gives an idea of the physical size of the entities, it is emphasized that the relation between SEC hydrodynamic radius and radius of gyration is not a simple one for a branched polymer. The role of radius of gyration in SEC separation is a matter of some debate; − hydrodynamic volume is, by definition, the separation parameter for SEC, but a sample that is monodisperse in V h may contain a range of values of the radius of gyration.…”

A broad-standard technique for correcting for band broadening in size-exclusion chromatography

“…[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Some newer methods focus on describing calibration approach which involve simultaneously the use of SEC and multi-angle light scattering (MALS) techniques [13][14][15][16].…”

Broadening of polymer chromatographic signals: Analysis, quantification and correction through effective diffusion coefficients

“…Some authors describe the inclusion of a constant spreading factor that can be determined by polymer standards [1,10], but in some cases the instrumental spreading is dependent on the polymer concentration [11] or on the molecular weight [12]. An alternative procedure describes calibration methods that involve simultaneously the use of GPC and MALS techniques [13][14][15]. Other authors have studied different algorithm for band broadening correction in conventional SEC analysis with different detectors [16].…”

“…Additional effects are found in the description of polymeric solutions. Several studies were carried out in order to describe effects of flow rate on radius of gyration for flexible polymers and consequently on the hydrodynamic radius, the GPC elution volume and finally on average molecular weight and polydispersity index [7][8][9].…”