Flow of Canadian basin deep water in the Western Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean

Björk, Göran; Anderson, Leif G.; Jakobsson, Martin; Antony, Dennis; Eriksson, Birgitta; Eriksson, Patrick; Hell, Benjamin; Hjalmarsson, Sofia; Janzen, Timothy W.; Jütterström, Sara; Linders, Johanna; Löwemark, Ludvig; Marcussen, Christian; Olsson, Kristina; Rudels, Bert; Sellén, Emma; Sølvsten, Morten

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2010.01.006

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…By further assuming that the present-day Arctic Ocean relationship between water age and subsurface oxygen content (e.g., Tanhua et al 2009;Bjö rk et al 2010) applied also in the early Miocene Arctic Ocean, our simulation give support the notion of Jakobsson et al (2007) that the transition to oxygenated conditions documented in the ACEX core was caused by a strengthening of a salinity-dominated estuarine circulation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

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A model study of the first ventilated regime of the Arctic Ocean during the early Miocene

Thompson¹,

Nilsson²,

Nycander³

et al. 2012

Polar Research

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The tectonic opening of Fram Strait during the Neogene was a significant geological event that transferred the Arctic Ocean from a poorly ventilated enclosed basin, with weak exchange with the North Atlantic, to a fully ventilated “ocean stage”. Previous tectonic and physical oceanographic analyses suggest that the early Miocene Fram Strait was likely several times narrower and less than half as deep as the present-day 400 km wide and 2550 m deep strait. Here we use an ocean general circulation model with a passive age tracer included to further address the effect of the Fram Strait opening on the early Miocene Arctic Ocean circulation. The model tracer age exhibits strong spatial gradient between the two major Arctic Ocean deep basins: the Eurasian and Amerasian basins. There is a two-layer stratification and the exchange flow through Fram Strait shows a bi-layer structure with a low salinity outflow from the Arctic confined to a relatively thin upper layer and a saline inflow from the North Atlantic below. Our study suggests that although Fram Strait was significantly narrower and shallower during early Miocene, and the ventilation mechanism quite different in our model, the estimated ventilation rates are comparable to the chemical tracer estimates in the present-day Arctic Ocean. Since we achieved ventilation of the Arctic Ocean with a prescribed Fram Strait width of 100 km and sill depth of 1000 m, ventilation may have preceded the timing of a full ocean depth connection between the Arctic Ocean and North Atlantic established through seafloor spreading and the development of the Lena Trough

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Note that also in the present-day Arctic Ocean there are strong property gradients in the deep water across the Lomonosov Ridge. In the Amerasian Basin the oxygen content is lower and age inferred from tracers is older than in the Eurasian Basin (e.g., Tanhua et al 2009;Bjö rk et al 2010).…”

Section: Tracer Agementioning

confidence: 99%

A model study of the first ventilated regime of the Arctic Ocean during the early Miocene

Thompson¹,

Nilsson²,

Nycander³

et al. 2012

Polar Research

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“…Earlier investigations show that Canadian Basin Deep Water crosses the ridge through the 1870 m deep passage (the deepest passage) near the North Pole (Björk et al, 2007) and can be traced along the Amundsen Basin slope towards Greenland and further along the northern Greenland continental shelf slope (Björk et al, 2010). Signs of this water mass are also seen as a salinity maximum around 2000 m over a large part of the Amundsen Basin.…”

Section: Impact By Lomonosov Ridgementioning

confidence: 90%

“…The sparse source data implies that bathymetric details of importance from an oceanographic perspective may be missed in some areas, such as the location of bathymetric passages or saddles in the LR, which are critical as this is where a large part of the water exchange between the basins can occur. The (presumably) deepest passage across the LR, with a sill depth of 1870 m, is located at 88 • N. This passage was mapped in detail with multibeam observations together with hydrographic observations in 2005 and it was shown that a substantial flow of Canadian Basin Deep Water passes through it (Björk et al, 2007(Björk et al, , 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bathymetry and oceanic flow structure at two deep passages crossing the Lomonosov Ridge

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The Lomonosov Ridge represents a major topographical feature in the Arctic Ocean which has a large effect on the water circulation and the distribution of water properties. This study presents detailed bathymetric survey data along with hydrographic data at two deep passages across the ridge: a southern passage (80-81 • N), where the ridge crest meets the Siberian continental slope, and a northern passage around 84.5 • N. The southern channel is characterized by smooth and flat bathymetry around 1600-1700 m with a sill depth slightly shallower than 1700 m. A hydrographic section across the channel reveals an eastward flow with Amundsen Basin properties in the southern part and a westward flow of Makarov Basin properties in the northern part. The northern passage includes an approximately 72 km long and 33 km wide trough which forms an intra-basin in the Lomonosov Ridge morphology (the Oden Trough). The eastern side of the Oden Trough is enclosed by a narrow and steep ridge rising 500-600 m above a generally 1600 m deep trough bottom. The deepest passage (the sill) is 1470 m deep and located on this ridge. Hydrographic data show irregular temperature and salinity profiles indicating that water exchange occurs as midwater intrusions bringing water properties from each side of the ridge in well-defined but irregular layers. There is also morphological evidence that some rather energetic flows may occur in the vicinity of the sill. A well expressed deepening near the sill may be the result of seabed erosion by bottom currents.

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“…This process has been shown to occur around the Morris Jesup Rise, which protrudes northward into the Amundsen Basin from the northern Greenland margin (Fig. 1B) (Björk et al, 2010). It was not until the Morris Jesup Rise was mapped with the multibeam installed in the Swedish icebreaker Oden that the steep walls of this bathymetric feature were discovered in full (Jakobsson et al, 2008b).…”

Section: From the Regional Shape Of The Seafloor Form To Explicit Detailmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arctic Ocean Bathymetry: A Necessary Geospatial Framework

Mayer

Monahan²

2015

ARCTIC

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ABSTRACT. Most ocean science relies on a geospatial infrastructure that is built from bathymetry data collected from ships underway, archived, and converted into maps and digital grids. Bathymetry, the depth of the seafloor, besides having vital importance to geology and navigation, is a fundamental element in studies of deep water circulation, tides, tsunami forecasting, upwelling, fishing resources, wave action, sediment transport, environmental change, and slope stability, as well as in site selection for platforms, cables, and pipelines, waste disposal, and mineral extraction. Recent developments in multibeam sonar mapping have so dramatically increased the resolution with which the seafloor can be portrayed that previous representations must be considered obsolete. Scientific conclusions based on sparse bathymetric information should be re-examined and refined. At this time only about 11% of the Arctic Ocean has been mapped with multibeam; the rest of its seafloor area is portrayed through mathematical interpolation using a very sparse depth-sounding database. In order for all Arctic marine activities to benefit fully from the improvement that multibeam provides, the entire Arctic Ocean must be multibeam-mapped, a task that can be accomplished only through international coordination and collaboration that includes the scientific community, naval institutions, and industry.Key words: bathymetry; Arctic Ocean; mapping; oceanography; tectonics RÉSUMÉ. Une grande partie de l'océanographie s'appuie sur l'infrastructure géospatiale établie à partir de données bathymétriques recueillies par des navires en route, données qui sont ensuite archivées et transformées en cartes et en grilles numériques. En plus de revêtir une importance essentielle sur le plan de la géologie et de la navigation, la bathymétrie, soit la profondeur du plancher sous-marin, est un élément fondamental de l'étude de la circulation en eaux profondes, des marées, de la prévision des tsunamis, des remontées d'eau, des ressources halieutiques, de l'action des vagues, du transport de sédiments, des changements environnementaux et de la stabilité des talus, en plus de la sélection de l'emplacement des plateformes, des câbles, des pipelines ainsi que de l'élimination des déchets et l'extraction minière. En raison des progrès récents réalisés en matière de cartographie par sonars multifaisceaux, la résolution avec laquelle le plancher sous-marin peut être représenté s'est améliorée à un point tel que les anciennes représentations doivent être considérées comme désuètes. Les conclusions scientifiques fondées sur des données bathymétriques clairsemées devraient être réexaminées et raffinées. Pour l'instant, seulement environ 11 % de l'océan Arctique a été cartographié à l'aide de multifaisceaux. Le reste de son plancher sous-marin est représenté au moyen d'une interpolation mathématique faisant appel à des données très clairsemées de sondages en profondeur. Pour que toutes les activités maritimes de l'Arctique bénéficient pleinement des améliorations q...

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Flow of Canadian basin deep water in the Western Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

A model study of the first ventilated regime of the Arctic Ocean during the early Miocene

A model study of the first ventilated regime of the Arctic Ocean during the early Miocene

Bathymetry and oceanic flow structure at two deep passages crossing the Lomonosov Ridge

Arctic Ocean Bathymetry: A Necessary Geospatial Framework

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