Flow-Injection Assay of Superoxide Dismutase Based on the Reduction of Highly Water-Soluble Tetrazolium

Ukeda, Hiroyuki; Sarker, Ashok K.; Kawana, Daisuke; Sawamura, Masayoshi

doi:10.2116/analsci.15.353

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[15][16][17] Measurement of Plasma Antioxidant Enzyme Activity Measurement of plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme activities were carried out using the SOD Assay Kit-WST (Dojindo Molecular Technologies Co. Ltd., Japan) 18,19) and glutathione peroxidase assay kit (Cayman Co. Ltd., U.S.A.), respectively.…”

Section: Measurement Of Biochemical Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difference between Deep Seawater and Surface Seawater in the Preventive Effect of Atherosclerosis

Miyamura

Yoshioka

Hamada

et al. 2004

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Seawater has been used for thalassotherapy and atopic dermatitis for a long time in medical treatment. However, there are still many obscure points in the scientific evidence about the effective of medical treatment.Deep seawater at depths between about 500 m and 1000 m circulates around the world. 1) Deep seawater is known to have such characteristics as being clean and rich in mineral components compared to surface seawater, [2][3][4] and application has been attempted in many fields. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] In health food and medical fields, deep seawater has been processed into drinking water, and various beneficial effects have been suggested, but they have not been confirmed scientifically. In particular, differences between surface and deep seawater remain unqualified.We reported previously that deep seawater was effective for hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis prevention. 12)In this study, we prepared drinking water samples containing the same amounts of major mineral constituents Na, K, Ca, and Mg, with hardness of 1200, by filtering with a semipermeable membrane using surface and deep seawater collected in the sea area of Muroto, Kochi Prefecture, known for the up-flow of deep seawater, and examined the effects of the drinking water samples on the prevention of a typical lifestyle-related disorder, hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS AnimalsMale Japanese white rabbits weighing 1.8 to 2.0 kg (Shimizu, Kyoto, Japan) were used in this study. These animals were acclimatized on a 12 h light/dark cycle in a humidity-and temperature-controlled facility and allowed free access to food and water for 1 week before the experiment.Deep and Surface Seawater Deep seawater pumped up from a depth of 374 m off Muroto Cape (Kochi, Japan) was separated into desalinated water and concentrated by a semipermeable membrane. Various concentrations of water (with sodium eliminated etc.) were added to the desalinated water, and deep seawaters were prepared. (hardness of about 1200; Muroto Marinefood Corporation, Odanikokufun Corporation) The surface seawater of the Muroto Cape ocean space was taken and same process was performed to prepare the drinking water (hardness of about 1200; Kochi Prefectural Deep seawater Laboratory).The mineral-ingredient content of each drinking seawater is shown in Table 1.Administration of Deep or Surface Seawater Cholesterol fed rabbits were divided into three groups and medicated with 150 ml/d of deep seawater, surface seawater and distilled water in a water-supply bottle ad libitum, and fed * To whom correspondence should be addressed. Murotomisaki-cho, Muroto, Kochi 781-7101, Japan: c Muroto Marinefood Corporation; 3507-5 Murotomisaki-cho, Muroto, Kochi 780-8123, Japan: and d Odanikokufun Corporation; 939-4 Takasu, Kochi, Kochi 780-8123, Japan. Received July 13, 2004; accepted September 9, 2004; published online September 10, 2004 Using surface and deep seawater collected in the sea area of Muroto Cape (Kochi, Japan), desalinated drinking samples of about 1200 hard...

show abstract

Section: Measurement Of Biochemical Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difference between Deep Seawater and Surface Seawater in the Preventive Effect of Atherosclerosis

Miyamura

Yoshioka

Hamada

et al. 2004

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The method involved is based on previous experiments by Ukeda et al [5]. Trolox was used as a positive control.…”

Section: Sod-like (Equivalent) Activity Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Antioxidant and Anti-Melanogenesis Activities of Indonesian Lai, <i>Durio kutejensis</i> [Bombacaceae (Hassk) Becc] Fruit Extract

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] Detection of superoxide and SOD has been intensively pursued by spectrophotometric and electrochemical methods. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Electrochemical sensors are of great interest due to their advantages, which include microfabrication and in-vivo and in-vitro applications. 17,18 The hemoprotein, cytochrome c (cyt c), undergoes facile reductive reaction with superoxide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amperometric Detection of Superoxide Dismutase at Cytochrome c-Immobilized Electrodes: Xanthine Oxidase and Ascorbate Oxidase Incorporated Biopolymer Membrane for in-vivo Analysis

Gobi

Mizutani

2001

ANAL. SCI.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Superoxide radical is highly reactive and short-lived and is formed in all aerobic cells. The superoxide radical generated during the "respiratory burst" of phagocytic cells plays an important role in the destruction of microorganisms invading into our body. But it may be involved in oxidative damage to tissues and organisms if it exceeds the level at which the systems are able to provide defence. The ubiquitous presence of SOD enzyme throughout the evolutionary chain emphasizes the importance of superoxide radical in cell function and survival. SOD plays a major protective role in living cells and has been widely used as a pharmacological tool in the study of pathophysiological mechanisms. 1-6 Detection of superoxide and SOD has been intensively pursued by spectrophotometric and electrochemical methods. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Electrochemical sensors are of great interest due to their advantages, which include microfabrication and in-vivo and in-vitro applications. 17,18 The hemoprotein, cytochrome c (cyt c), undergoes facile reductive reaction with superoxide. Electrochemical biosensors for superoxide with cyt c as the sensing element were constructed employing a suitable electron-transfer promoter.11-14 SOD is a selective scavenger of superoxide, and the best way for the detection of SOD thus could be the estimation of superoxide. Superoxide undergoes spontaneous disproportionation to produce H2O2, an electroactive species. Thus, the electrical response of the superoxide sensor system for interfering compounds is a very important limitation in its application. We recently reported a selective detection of superoxide and SOD at cyt c/alkanethiol electrodes, where the response due to interferents was suppressed by the use of a mixed-monolayer of alkanethiols for anchoring cyt c; but the presence of L-ascorbic acid, a potential scavenger of superoxide existing ubiquitously in our body, was detrimental to the detection of superoxide and SOD. 19 The detection of superoxide and consequently SOD in the presence of L-ascorbic acid was established using XOD/cyt c-bilayer electrodes, where the poly-L-lysine: polystyrenesulfonate complex membrane employed for the immobilization of XOD restricted the permeation of L-ascorbic acid across the membrane and consequently suppressed the scavenging of the superoxide produced at the membrane-bound XOD by Lascorbic acid. 20 The XOD/cyt c-bilayer electrodes could detect SOD in the presence of L-ascorbic acid; however, the sensitivity of XOD/cyt c-bilayer electrodes for SOD was rather low (detection limit, 0.2 µg ml -1 ) relative to that of cyt c-monolayer electrodes (detection limit, 3 ng ml -1 ); 19,20 the permeation of SOD across the polyion complex membrane confining XOD was suppressed in the case of the bilayer electrodes, which resulted into a low sensitivity for the detection of SOD. In the present investigation, the cyt c-immobilized monolayer electrodes were prepared by covalently-immobilizing cyt c on mixed-monolayers of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) with t...

show abstract

Flow-Injection Assay of Superoxide Dismutase Based on the Reduction of Highly Water-Soluble Tetrazolium

Cited by 36 publications

References 11 publications

Difference between Deep Seawater and Surface Seawater in the Preventive Effect of Atherosclerosis

Difference between Deep Seawater and Surface Seawater in the Preventive Effect of Atherosclerosis

Determination of Antioxidant and Anti-Melanogenesis Activities of Indonesian Lai, <i>Durio kutejensis</i> [Bombacaceae (Hassk) Becc] Fruit Extract

Amperometric Detection of Superoxide Dismutase at Cytochrome c-Immobilized Electrodes: Xanthine Oxidase and Ascorbate Oxidase Incorporated Biopolymer Membrane for in-vivo Analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About