Flow field and drag characteristics of netting of cruciform structures with various sizes of knot structure using CFD models

Effects of Inclination Angles on the Hydrodynamics of Knotless Net Panels in Currents

“…As a hybrid methodology of RANS/LES for enabling a scaleresolving strategy, its original intention was to reduce the considerable computational cost of LES modelling, that is, RANS is used to model Reynolds stress or turbulent kinetic energy on the wall and far-field, while the LES method is capable of resolving the Reynolds stress or turbulent kinetic energy for the large-scale eddy motions on the near-wall regions. In contrast with the strategy that adopts the RANS model globally [20,21], the turbulence disturbance at downstream wakes as well as the flow separations from near-field boundary layers of cylindrical twines can be detected more precisely. As the basis of the IDDES method, the three-dimensional continuity and Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations are written in the convective form as…”

“…Later, a novel coupling algorithm comprising the Lagrangian approach for net panels and the Eulerian fluid domain was proposed in Martin et al [16], then flow reductions behind nets, cage-to-cage effects and full-scale net hydrodynamics in steel-frame fish farms [17,18] were reported. Inspired by cruciform configurations in net meshes [19], the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS)/large eddy simulation (LES) studies in Bi et al [20], Zou et al [21], Tang et al [22] and Dutta et al [23] were conducted to provide velocity profiles around cylinders, knots and cruciforms, then the impacts of mesh orientations, Reynolds numbers and so-called blockage ratios were also addressed. Benefiting from the advancements of computational abilities, a unique perspective for hydrodynamics opened up through the structural connections amongst circular cylinders, spheres, cruciforms and nets.…”