Flow behavior of liquid metal in the connected fascial space: Intervaginal space injection in the rat wrist and mice with tumor

Intervaginal space injection of a liquid metal can prevent breast cancer invasion and better-sustain concomitant resistance

“…It is difficult for LM to diffuse throughout the body due to its high surface tension. 19 Therefore, LM has the potential to remain in a region in mice for a long period and resist tumor invasion. Subsequently, we compared the separation effect between the LM and blank control groups.…”

“…To avoid the risk of toxicity from LM, alternative materials that satisfy the aforementioned features and show appropriate biosafety and biocompatibility may be a better choice to facilitate the clinical application of this method. As suggested by a previous study on ISs 19 and this work, the materials injected in the FS must have three features: mobility, the ability to diffuse into tissues, and the ability to resist degradation. For instance, collagen and hyaluronic acid used in the clinic have the potential to replace the liquid metal.…”

“…In recent years, the biological utilisation of the intervaginal space in medical applications has been emerging. [17][18][19][20] In particular, a previous study on the flow behavior of LMs in the connected fascial space (FS) showed that the IS in the FS system is a potential pathway to deliver drugs targeting certain regions of the body. 19 In this study, we introduced an LM, a gallium-based alloy, as an obstruction to reduce the CW invasion of BC in breast tumor-bearing mice.…”

Non‐Magnetic Injectable Implant for Magnetic Field‐Driven Thermochemotherapy and Dual Stimuli‐Responsive Drug Delivery: Transformable Liquid Metal Hybrid Platform for Cancer Theranostics

“…Furthermore, recent years have also witnessed the rapid development of LM in biomedical applications . Especially, the application of LM on tumor therapy is growing vigorously . As a new platform for cancer therapy, transformable LM biomedicine was proposed, and it has been proved that LM‐based drug‐delivery system displayed enhanced chemotherapeutic inhibition thus proving a new strategy for engineering theranostic agents .…”

Stiffness heterogeneity-induced double-edged sword behaviors of carcinoma-associated fibroblasts in antitumor therapy

“…Within stiff tissues, the distribution of stroma stiffness is often heterogeneous in different regions of the invasive tumor, in which geographically distinct regions display different constituents and architectures of the extracellular matrix [3,4]. As an integral component of the tumor microenvironment, the extracellular matrix is mainly remodeled by carcinomaassociated fibroblasts (CAFs) [5], which are activated by the altered matrix stiffness and solid stress and function to regulate tumor behaviors [6][7][8]. Increased crosslinking or assembly of extracellular matrix proteins leads to stiffening of the tumor stroma [9,10], which in turn enhances tumor progression by regulating the motility, proliferation, and even chemotherapeutic resistance of cancer cells [9,[11][12][13].…”