Flow Analysis in Nozzle Hole in Consideration of Cavitation

Kato, Masaaki; Kano, Hiroyuki; Date, Kenji; Oya, Takio; Niizuma, K.

doi:10.4271/970052

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The reduced path of fuel is associated with elevated pressures and the formation of cavitation bubbles inside the holes of the injector (Kato et al, 1997). The formation of vapor bubbles is also favored by the presence of micro-particles dispersed in the fuel and this is the major cause of injector wear.…”

Section: Exhw Molecular Mass Of the Exhaust Gases On Wet Basis (G/mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Vehicle Exhaust Emissions from Diesel Engines Using the Whale Concept Filter

Pilusa

Mollagee

Muzenda

2012

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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In this work, the effect of using a Whale filter on the overall vehicle exhaust emissions was evaluated. A Whale filter is a South African patented diesel particulate filter designed to operate as a secondary diesel filter for the removal of particulate contaminants up to 0.5 microns in size in the fuel prior to injection. It is believed that removal of contaminants prior to injection may improve the fuel injection efficiency, thereby promoting efficient combustion, and thus resulting in reduced emissions and fuel consumption. Emissions tests were conducted on four different vehicle categories to validate this. All vehicles underwent pre-emissions testing prior to installation of the Whale filter. Each test was conducted for a period of approximately 20 minutes by varying the engine speed. The Applus + Autologic Vehicle Emissions Analyser was used to measure the emissions at each stage, and a similar procedure was followed to measure the emissions after installation of the Whale filter. The results showed a significant average reduction in carbon monoxide CO (35.3%), nitrogen oxides NO x (26.1%) and hydrocarbons HC (34.3%) emissions after the Whale filter was installed in the four vehicles.

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Section: Exhw Molecular Mass Of the Exhaust Gases On Wet Basis (G/mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Vehicle Exhaust Emissions from Diesel Engines Using the Whale Concept Filter

Pilusa

Mollagee

Muzenda

2012

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…6, the dissimilarity has its origin in the EDM-fabrication of nozzle orifices which led to microscopic variations of the inside configuration. Similarly, previous studies indicated that the generation of turbulence, cavitation, and subsequent atomization of liquid jet would be strongly affected by the nozzle inlet geometry as well as the location and configuration of injection orifice [7,[18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

A characterization of the spray evolution by dual-mode phase doppler anemometry in an injector of liquid-propellant thruster

Kim

2009

J Mech Sci Technol

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Spray characteristics of an injector employed in the 5 Newton-class of liquid-propellant thruster are addressed with an evolutionary feature of droplets. Information for the droplets is obtained through Dual-mode phase Doppler anemometry (DPDA) measurement in terms of the velocity, diameter, number density, and turbulent intensity. In addition, instantaneous images for the macroscopic view of spray are supplemented by flow visualization technique using laser sheet. It is demonstrated by the investigation of spray images that the injector under consideration meets an angular injection requirement at all of the injection pressures specified. Spray shedding is also featured with a schematization of the frozen images. Dynamic behavior of spray droplets and their atomization evolution along the geometric axis of injector-nozzle orifice with varying injection pressures are scrutinized by depicting the cumulative droplet populations mapped onto a velocity-diameter domain. The evolutionary behavior is further authenticated on the basis of the distribution for number density and turbulent intensity of droplets. It is inferred that the higher injection pressure generates the smaller droplets undergoing the greater deceleration along the spray stream due to the augmented Reynolds number and Weber number. Even though spray characterization of the current type of injectors is to be inevitable to their performance estimation at the design stage, it has never been reported to date. It is expected that the present results will be able to contribute to the appreciation of injector performance and to the design engineering of brand-new thrusters as well.

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“…This result is consistent with an early finding reported by Kato et al. , who used the measured results of pressure distribution in the nozzle sac and discharge hole, and found that cavitation at the hole inlet is very sensitive to the nozzle sac geometry and the injection hole configuration.…”

Section: Numerical Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cavitation in Diesel Fuel Injector Nozzles and its Influence on Atomization and Spray

2018

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In combustors, high‐pressure fuel injector nozzles are employed for liquid atomization and spray generation. The internal flow within nozzles, especially cavitation, plays an important role in promoting the breakup of liquid jets. The formation mechanism and evolvement of cavitation are reviewed and described. Different cavitation regimes were characterized experimentally and the positive effect of cavitation on liquid atomization was confirmed. Different empirical formulas correlating the discharge coefficient with fluid‐dynamical parameters are summarized. The applicability, advantages, and disadvantages of two popular computational models for flow modeling, i.e., the interface tracking model and the homogeneous equilibrium model, are reviewed. The effects of cavitation on the generated spray are discussed.

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Flow Analysis in Nozzle Hole in Consideration of Cavitation

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

Reduction of Vehicle Exhaust Emissions from Diesel Engines Using the Whale Concept Filter

Reduction of Vehicle Exhaust Emissions from Diesel Engines Using the Whale Concept Filter

A characterization of the spray evolution by dual-mode phase doppler anemometry in an injector of liquid-propellant thruster

Cavitation in Diesel Fuel Injector Nozzles and its Influence on Atomization and Spray

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