Floristic composition of herbaceous forage species in natural prairies of the main livestock watersheds of the Amazon region

Abstract

Existe una gran diversidad de especies forrajeras en las praderas naturales de la región Amazonas, y son escasos los estudios referentes a la identificación de las mismas. Con objeto de profundizar los conocimientos en especies forrajeras, se realizó la identificación de las especies de pastos presentes en las principales microcuencas ganaderas y pisos altitudinales de la región Amazonas. Las microcuencas ganaderas identificadas fueron Shocol, Leyva, Ventilla, Alto Imaza, Pomacochas, Condechaca y Leymebamba. Sobre la base de las microcuencas ganaderas y praderas naturales se definió dos variables referentes a los sistemas de producción (sistemas silvopastoriles, SSP, y sistemas pastoriles a campo abierto, SPCA) y cuatro rangos altitudinales < 1900 m.s.n.m., 1900-2400 m.s.n.m., 2400-2900 m.s.n.m. y > 2900 m.s.n.m. Se usaron transectos, identificándose un total de 34 familias y 113 especies entre forrajeras y no forrajeras, de las cuales 27 especies fueron clasificadas como especies forrajeras que agrupan un total de 05 familias. Se encontraron diferencias porcentuales de abundancia y diversidad entre especies respecto a las variables estudiadas.

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Grasslands Using Landsat Data in Livestock Micro-Watersheds in Amazonas (NW Peru)

“…Livestock feeding is based on managed grasslands (combined with silvopastoral systems and forages) and natural grasslands, and there is an open field and semi-intensive rearing system [56,59,60]. Natural grasslands are intended for grazing and have been formed on areas of open primary forest to install crops [47]. However, as a result of poor agricultural practices, deforestation, infrastructure construction and overgrazing, these ecosystems are being degraded [27,47,56,60].…”

“…Natural grasslands are intended for grazing and have been formed on areas of open primary forest to install crops [47]. However, as a result of poor agricultural practices, deforestation, infrastructure construction and overgrazing, these ecosystems are being degraded [27,47,56,60]. To date, neither the exact surface extent of the grasslands of these micro-watersheds nor their spatiotemporal dynamics are known; therefore, the present study was developed.…”

“…Likewise, several studies developed classification approaches to map pastures and other land uses using multiple sensors, platforms and automatic classification algorithms in different regions of the world, such as in Brazil [25,31], the United States [1] and other regions [22,[44][45][46]. Despite some previous work in Peru [47][48][49][50] regarding livestock micro-watersheds, the absence of pasture maps limits the spatiotemporal analysis of pastures and their implications for territorial, economic and environmental dynamics.…”