2022
DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16078
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Floral orientation affects outcross‐pollen deposition in buzz‐pollinated flowers with bilateral symmetry

Abstract: Premise: Floral orientation is central to plant-pollinator interactions and is commonly associated with floral symmetry. Bilaterally symmetrical flowers are often oriented horizontally for optimal pollinator positioning and pollen transfer efficiency, while the orientation of radially symmetrical flowers is variable. Buzz-pollinated species (pollinated by vibration-producing bees) include bilateral, horizontally oriented flowers, and radial, pendant flowers. The effect of floral orientation on pollen transfer … Show more

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Cited by 7 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…We recorded enhanced pollen loads on bee’s bodies in upward and downward flowers by counting pollen grains deposited on pollinator bodies, although previous studies examined pollen grains remaining in visited flowers. 9 , 10 , 17–19 We consider these methods complementary, showing that downward flowers are more efficient in transferring pollen grains on pollinator bodies than upward flowers, but further research is necessary to determine whether stigmatic pollen loads 9 , 20 in the snowdrop are influenced by flower angle.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We recorded enhanced pollen loads on bee’s bodies in upward and downward flowers by counting pollen grains deposited on pollinator bodies, although previous studies examined pollen grains remaining in visited flowers. 9 , 10 , 17–19 We consider these methods complementary, showing that downward flowers are more efficient in transferring pollen grains on pollinator bodies than upward flowers, but further research is necessary to determine whether stigmatic pollen loads 9 , 20 in the snowdrop are influenced by flower angle.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is likely that horizontal presentation of flowers promoted the evolution of symmetric sexual organs in flowers through the increased accuracy of pollen placement. Studies have shown that both zygomorphy and horizontal/semi-pendant positioning increase the accuracy of pollen placement (Stewart et al 2022 ), and that floral orientation and bilateral symmetry combined promote outcross-pollen transfer (Nevard and Vallejo-Marin 2022 ). While they showed little difference in the effect of zygomorphy and orientation, zygomorphic flowers are capable of reorienting themselves when they are damaged, whereas actinomorphic flowers are not (Armbruster and Muchhala 2020 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%