Floral glands in asclepiads: structure, diversity and evolution

Demarco, Diego

doi:10.1590/0102-33062016abb0432

Cited by 22 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 119 publications

(215 reference statements)

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“…In general, the primary nectary has one single layer of epidermal cells (Valente & Silva 1984;Kunze 1991;1999;Valente & Costa 2005;Demarco 2017a), as observed in the present study; however, in Cynanchum vincetoxicum a layer of secretory subepidermal cells can be observed (Christ & Schnepf 1985), and three to four layers of these cells can be found in Leptadenia cf. abyssinica (Kunze 1991).…”

Section: Stigmatic Chambersupporting

confidence: 72%

“…In Asclepiadoideae the nectariferous tissue can be found at several regions, but its primary location is in the stigmatic chamber (Kunze 1991;Endress & Bruyns 2000;Demarco 2017a), as in the studied species. The nectar can be found in the stigmatic chamber, corona and corolla base (Kunze 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Th e subfamily Asclepiadoideae is the most diverse in secretory structures within a fl ower among the angiosperms (Demarco 2017a), and the presence of nectar in diff erent locations is related to a specialized pollination mechanism considered one of the most intricate in the angiosperms (Kunze 1991). Many structures are involved in guiding the insect during pollination, such as the guide rail formed 1 Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil by staminal wings, corona, corolla and the nectar holders (Kunze 1991;1999;Demarco 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Asclepiadoideae, the primary location of the nectariferous tissues is in the interstaminal areas of the filament tube (stigmatic chambers), and nectar can accumulate (nectar holders) in the staminal corona or at the area where the corolla tube is connected to the gynostegium (Galil & Zeroni 1965;Christ & Schnepf 1985;Kunze 1991;Demarco 2017a). The position of the nectaries, however, has been controversial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corona development and floral nectaries of Asclepiadeae (Asclepiadoideae, Apocynaceae)

Monteiro

Demarco

2017

Acta Bot. Bras.

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Flowers of Asclepiadoideae are notable for possessing numerous nectaries and elaborate coronas, where nectar can accumulate but is not necessarily produced. Given the complexity and importance of these structures for reproduction, this study aimed to analyze the ontogeny of the corona, the structure and position of nectaries and the histochemistry of the nectar of species of Asclepiadeae. Two types of coronas were observed: androecial [C(is)] and corolline (Ca). Th e development of the C(is)-type of corona initiates opposite the stamens in all species examined with the exception of Matelea in which it begins to develop as a ring around the fi lament tube. Despite their morphological variation, coronas typically originate from the androecium. A notable diff erence among the studied species was the location of the nectaries. Primarily, they are located in the stigmatic chamber, where nectar composed of carbohydrates and lipids is produced. A secondary location of nectaries found in species of Peplonia and Matelea is within the corona, where nectar is produced and stored, composed of carbohydrates and lipids in Peplonia and only carbohydrates in Matelea. Th e functional role of nectar is related to the location of its production since it is a resource for pollinators and inducers of pollen germination.

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Section: Stigmatic Chambersupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corona development and floral nectaries of Asclepiadeae (Asclepiadoideae, Apocynaceae)

Monteiro

Demarco

2017

Acta Bot. Bras.

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“…The secretion of the colleters is viscous and can be constituted by mucilage, resin (Thomas 1991) or a mixture of mucilage and lipophilic substances (Fahn 1979, Castro & Demarco 2008, Demarco 2017a, Ribeiro et al 2017. Histochemical studies have shown that the colleters of Apocynaceae secrete mainly mucilage, which involves the apex and organs in the early stages of development, protecting them against desiccation, besides lipids that prevent the proliferation of fungi and can immobilize small phytophagous (Ribeiro et al 2017).…”

Section: Secretionmentioning

confidence: 99%