Floods and their problems: Land uses and soil types perspectives

Abstract

The phenomenon of flooding that occurs in almost all regions of the earth causes loss of property and damage to public facilities and causes the loss of many human lives. There are many reports related to the causes of flooding with various solutions offered to overcome the flood problem. However, it seems that these efforts have not been able to eliminate the flood problem. Hydrologists have widely reported various factors that are the cause of flooding with an extensive scope. Therefore, this paper is limited to discussing flooding and its problems, specifically the river flood, from the perspective of land use and soil types. Changes in land use in a watershed can cause an increase in the runoff coefficient. Likewise, different types of soil have different abilities in passing water into the ground. Open land (without land cover) tends to be prone to erosion, reducing the soil’s infiltration capacity and increased surface runoff. Increasing the runoff coefficient will increase the peak discharge in a watershed. The decrease in the river capacity due to sediment can cause a river flood. To support this argument, a rainfall-runoff model, particularly the tank model, is also discussed, taking into account the various uses and types of soil in a watershed. Efforts to anticipate the river flood are also considered for formulating flood disaster control policies in a watershed.

Drought and water availability analysis for irrigation and household water needs in the Krueng Jrue sub-watershed

“…A reduced land cover increases surface runoff, otherwise, the infiltration process will be hampered ( Basri, Manfarizah & Chandra, 2021 ). Land use and soil types influence the availability of water in a watershed ( Basri et al, 2022 ; Alayani, Sugianto & Basri, 2021 ; Ihsan, Rusdi & Basri, 2021 ), where soil types with high clay content have a higher water holding capacity than sandy soils.…”

“…The critical land area required in the Krueng Aceh watershed, mainly located in the Krueng Jrue sub-watershed, increased from 2,320.88 ha (10.00%) in 2013 to 10,969.85 ha (47.25%) in 2018. A decrease in the biophysical quality of a watershed can be caused by reduced land cover that can increase surface runoff or otherwise reduce soil infiltration capacity ( Basri et al, 2022 ). Therefore, watershed sustainability can be achieved by identifying the links between land, hydrology, and the related upstream and downstream areas that affect the watershed and sub-watershed ecosystem units ( Susetyaningsih, 2012 ).…”

A New Method for Selecting the Geometry of Systems for Surface Infiltration of Stormwater with Retention

“…The importance of soil type has already been emphasized by other authors. For example, Basri et al [56] noticed that the soil type affects the formation of the peak discharge in the watershed and, consequently, also the susceptibility to a river flood. On the other hand, Mind'je et al [57] noted that physiographic data, which include the soil type, are important inputs in rainfall-discharged flow modeling.…”

An assessment of flash flood susceptibility in Golestan province, Iran, using multiple computational approaches

“…The infiltration capacity of different soil types varies. Infiltration capacity will be greater in soils dominated by sand than in soils dominated by clay (Basri et al , 2022). To analyze the runoff coefficient, it is necessary to analyze how water passes through the soil as it passes into the ground. Drainage density: A higher drainage density is significantly connected with surface runoff.…”