Flooding in a Vertically Rising Gas–Liquid Foam

Wang, Xinting; Evans, Geoffrey M.; Stevenson, Paul

doi:10.1021/ie4001844

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Each of the primary foam fractionators is aerated for 21 min using Venturi-type aerators. Aeration rates are controlled such that the foam does not flood the column, which is a phenomenon previously described by Wang et al (2014).…”

Section: Presence Of Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 96%

PFAS removal from groundwaters using Surface‐Active Foam Fractionation

Burns¹,

Stevenson²,

Murphy³

2021

Remediation Journal

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Results from a field trial commissioned for the Australian Department of Defence at the Army Aviation Centre Oakey evaluated the effectiveness of the Surface-Active Foam Fractionation (SAFF) process at removing per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwater. The study showed that the SAFF process is effective in removing ≥99.5% of the aggregate of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in PFAScontaminated groundwater, and consistently achieved the criteria for these PFAS species prescribed in the Australian PFAS National Environmental Management Plan (HEPA, 2020) water quality specification, and exceeded such by a factor of 3.3 over the 12-month study period. The field trial also demonstrated the sustainability attributes of SAFF since it requires no chemical reagents nor adsorbent media, other than air introduced to the foam fractionation vessels. However, when an anionic exchange (AIX) resin "polisher" was installed downstream of SAFF, all trace detectable PFAS species were removed. In addition, by reducing the PFAS loading, the SAFF process extends the AIX resin lifespan. The field trial demonstrated that the removal (i.e., separation and concentration) extent of PFAS species due to SAFF is closely correlated with the adsorption coefficient of the molecules at the gas-liquid interface. When the reported adsorption coefficient is greater than approximately 1.0 × 10 −6 m, practically all of the PFAS species, including PFOS, PFHxS, and PFOA, were removed by SAFF. Longer-chain PFAS species that benefit from higher adsorption coefficients are easier to remove than shorter-chain species that exhibit lower adsorption coefficient values. It is noted that the presence of dissolved electrolytes arising from the site groundwater being classified as hard is believed to enhance the adsorption coefficients, and so SAFF is likely to become still more effective in brackish, saline, and reverse osmosis reject waters. | INTRODUCTIONThe contamination of groundwaters by per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has been suggested as a significant global environmental health crisis (Pelch et al., 2019). The epidemiological review of Rappazzo et al. (2017) has reported that PFAS may be associated with various adverse health outcomes in humans including thyroid diseases, testicular and kidney cancers and, in children, delayed onset of puberty. PFAS molecules exhibit environmental persistence due to the strength of their characteristic C-F bonds. There are many general sources of PFAS contamination in groundwater and surface waters arising from the historical use of Class B aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) used for firefighting and training purposes, particularly at global defense sites and larger

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Section: Presence Of Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 96%

PFAS removal from groundwaters using Surface‐Active Foam Fractionation

Burns¹,

Stevenson²,

Murphy³

2021

Remediation Journal

Self Cite

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“…The phenomenon of contour orange color gradation is a marker of air dispersion with milk liquid in the compounding tank. The buoyancy of a gas or air exceeds the pumping capacity of the propeller so that the gas or air rises in a vertical line to the surface and forms foam or foam [19]. The dotted red line in Figure 6 The result of foam, represents roughly the two-phase interface between the upper foam layer and the milk phase where there is a color gradation between red (air) and orange (milk) [20].…”

Section: Figure 4 Properties Materials Set Up Runningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Simulation of Mixing Tank at Milk Powder Factory to Reduce Material Losses

Surono¹,

Karisma²,

Febrianto³

et al. 2023

IJOE

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Industrial milk powder production applies the principle of a spray dryer. In the powdered milk industry using a spray dryer, there are still some problems in actual conditions, such as fouling in the heat exchanger and losses. Losses are lost material or time that results in losses for the company. The importance of finding material losses as soon as possible it is possible to make a solution so that initially unknown material is wasted in vain and can be used as a finished good. Steps taken to resolve the problem of material losses are to identify problems and data by mapping losses according to actual conditions. The main contributor to material losses is in the mixing tank prior to the spray dryer due to foaming phenomena. After that, a CFD simulation of the mixing tank can be performed on Ansys with the aim of the simulation is to get the contour of the foaming phenomenon and find out the height the phenomenon of foaming (foam) with the properties setup begins at the beginning of making geometric designs with the size of the tank is 3.5 m and uses a marine propeller type, then proceeds with meshing In geometry, meshing here uses the automatic meshing method due to the limited analysis students. The solving stage is carried out by inputting data such as density, viscosity, and input multiphase (mixture), and viscous (Large Eddy Simulation), as the boundary conditions of the geometry, after that making a plane from the results of running to form a plane in geometry, then choose the results of the contour volume fraction to find out the phenomena that occur in mixing tank so that conclusions and solutions can be drawn. Based on the results of data analysis and the field in the form of mapping and data on quantity losses, there are still some material losses in the form of wet and dry losses that have not been identified, initially the percentage ratio of material losses is 40.57% to 9%. One of the biggest contributors to material wet losses is mixing tanks which are simulated until it is known that there is a foaming phenomenon. It interferes with the way it works level sensor, which causes less maximum withdrawal of milk liquid by the pump. The best way to reduce losses in the mixing tank is to close the valve mixing tank output when showing 1.8%, or it can be rounded to 2% for the safety pump. The liquid used as a product is 270 liters, equivalent to 113 kg. The company can store 8,505 kg/month of powder if the calculation is carried out.

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Gas absorption and reaction in a wet pneumatic foam

Perry

Stevenson

2015

Chemical Engineering Science

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Flooding in a Vertically Rising Gas–Liquid Foam

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

PFAS removal from groundwaters using Surface‐Active Foam Fractionation

PFAS removal from groundwaters using Surface‐Active Foam Fractionation

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Simulation of Mixing Tank at Milk Powder Factory to Reduce Material Losses

Gas absorption and reaction in a wet pneumatic foam

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