Flocculation and its effect on the vertical transport of fine-grained sediments

Lick, Wilbert; Lick, James; Ziegler, C. Kirk

doi:10.1007/bf00026196

Cited by 61 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Flocculation is a dynamic process where rates of aggregation and disaggregation depend on local environmental variables such as fluid shear, particle concentration, salinity, dissolved chemicals, pH, temperature and organisms (Lick et al 1992). Accordingly in an early study, Mulholland (1981) found that the addition of Ca ?2 and Mg ?2 to a softwater lake caused an increase in the rate of POM formation as a result of a rapid physicochemical flocculation process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in transparent exopolymer particles in relation to biological and chemical factors in two contrasting lake districts

et al. 2010

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In inland waters, transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) can affect carbon export and sequestration in sediments with consequences for lake C budgets. We measured TEP concentration in 32 lakes from two contrasting lake districts covering wide ranges in biological and chemical characteristics. North temperate lakes, located in a wet region, have low to moderate ionic strength and low to high dissolved organic carbon with corresponding variation in color (light absorbance). Mediterranean lakes located in a semiarid region were characterized by high ionic strength and high concentrations of dissolved organic carbon but low color. TEP concentrations were large relative to the living portion of the particulate organic carbon pool in both Mediterranean (36%) and north temperate (33%) lakes. TEP concentrations ranged from 36 to 1,462 lg [as Gum Xanthan equivalents (GX eq)] L -1 in north temperate lakes. In the Mediterranean lakes, concentrations were higher that previously reported for other systems and ranged from 66 to 9,038 lg GX eq L -1 . TEP concentration was positive and significantly related to chlorophyll a (chl a) in north temperate lakes and in the entire data set. Although a significant and positive relationship between TEP and chl a was also detected in the Mediterranean lakes, bacterial abundance was most strongly related to TEP. In contrast with the positive influence of phytoplankton and bacteria on TEP, there were weaker relationships between TEP and the chemical variables tested. We observed a significant and positive relationship between pH and TEP (for all lakes) but this relationship was indirectly driven by a co-variation of pH with phytoplankton biomass based on multiple regression analysis. For the Mediterranean lakes, the negative (but not significant) trends between TEP and both conductivity and divalent cations suggest thresholds above which TEP will likely be destabilized. Under these conditions, TEP may flocculate or disperse in the water column.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in transparent exopolymer particles in relation to biological and chemical factors in two contrasting lake districts

et al. 2010

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“…e c is an efficiency parameter describing the possibility of the collisions that will result in flocculation. As discussed by Lick, Lick, and Ziegler (1992), e c is a variable of floc size and floc density and at the present difficult to determine and therefore e c is assumed to be constant for simplicity. e d is a parameter describing the turbulent diffusion.…”

Section: Floc Development Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dynamic Model for Coastal Mud Flocs with Distributed Fractal Dimension

Dong

2017

Journal of Coastal Research

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Xu, C. and Dong, P., 0000. A dynamic model for coastal mud flocs with distributed fractal dimension. Journal of Coastal Research, 00(0), 000-000. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.Suspended sediments entrained from muddy estuarine and coastal areas usually contain a large amount of mud flocs of various sizes and densities. The size and settling velocity of these mud flocs are unsteady and may vary over a large range. In most theoretical descriptions the mud flocs are treated as self-similar fractal entities with the fractal dimension being considered as either a constant or a simple function of the mean floc size. This deterministic description of fractal dimension has recently been found to be inadequate as for a given size class; fractal dimension of the mud flocs is not a single value but is distributed over a certain range. To address this problem this paper proposes a new flocculation model for the temporal evolution of floc size by considering the fractal dimensions for a given floc size class D to be normally distributed and validates the model with available experimental data. The proposed model is found to perform better in predicting the temporal evolution of floc size than that based on a single fixed floc-size-dependent fractal dimension, especially under high shear conditions and with large equilibrium floc size.

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“…Organic-rich sediment is typically composed of aggregates of detrital organic material and bacteria joined with varied types and sizes of mineral material (Lick et al, 1992;Sterling et al, 2005). Flocculation significantly influences fluxes and redistribution of sediment and associated nutrients or contaminants (Walling and Moorhead, 1989;Droppo, 2003Droppo, , 2004.…”

Section: Physical-biological Interactions In River and Floodplain Cormentioning

confidence: 99%

Field flume reveals aquatic vegetation's role in sediment and particulate phosphorus transport in a shallow aquatic ecosystem

et al. 2011

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Flocculation and its effect on the vertical transport of fine-grained sediments

Cited by 61 publications

References 15 publications

Variation in transparent exopolymer particles in relation to biological and chemical factors in two contrasting lake districts

Variation in transparent exopolymer particles in relation to biological and chemical factors in two contrasting lake districts

A Dynamic Model for Coastal Mud Flocs with Distributed Fractal Dimension

Field flume reveals aquatic vegetation's role in sediment and particulate phosphorus transport in a shallow aquatic ecosystem

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