Float-zone crystal growth of bismuth germanate and numerical simulation

Growth of Sillenite-Structure Single Crystals

“…Laser-heated pedestal growth and optically heated float-zone growth of thin (Ӎ1 × 1 mm in cross section) BSO and BTO crystals were described in [101][102][103][104][105][106]. Maffei et al [107] reported on the float-zone crystal …”

“…The ability to prepare perfect single crystals by this process depends crucially on symmetric heating and the heater translation rate, determined by the crystal diameter [103]. According to Quon et al [104], the optimum width of the molten zone is 3 mm. A serious problem in float-zone crystal growth is Bi 2 O 3 vaporization and subsequent deposition on the furnace wall, which distorts the symmetry of the thermal field.…”

“…This approach was used to prepare BGO and BSO crystals up to 40 mm in length and 1.5-5 mm in diameter [103,104,106]. The ability to prepare perfect single crystals by this process depends crucially on symmetric heating and the heater translation rate, determined by the crystal diameter [103].…”