Flexivirga alba gen. nov., sp. nov., an actinobacterial taxon in the family Dermacoccaceae

Anzai, Kozue; Sugiyama, Tomoyasu; Mayuko, Sukisaki; Sakiyama, Yayoi; Otoguro, Misa; Ando, Katsuhiko

doi:10.1038/ja.2011.62

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…1c). These results consistent with previous report that the morphology was not depend on culture stage without Cr(VI) [1]. Interestingly, we found that morphology of F. alba ST13 T was altered by exposure to Cr(VI).…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

“…In many bioreduction experiment, the most of Cr(III) was detected in water soluble form but not in insoluble precipitate. It is needed to understand Cr(III) precipitation mechanisms in Cr(VI)-reducing bacteria.Here we describe TEM and EDX analysis of Cr-containing precipitates which were synthesized by newly isolated actinomyces, Flexivirga alba ST13 T (=NBRC 107850 T = DSM 24460 T ) as a model of Cr(III)-accumulating bacterium [1]. The strain reduced Cr(VI) efficiently in minimal medium supplemented with molasses and formed water insoluble Cr(OH) 3 compound [2].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electron Microscopy and X-ray Analysis of Cr-Containing Precipitates Synthesized by Newly Isolated Actinobacterium, Flexivirga alba ST13T

Sugiyama

Sakaguchi

2014

Indian J Microbiol

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Chromium(Cr) precipitate synthesized by Cr(VI)-reducing bacterium Flexivirga alba ST13 T was examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The strain showed altered-morphology after exposing to Cr(VI) in minimal medium. The resultant precipitate included bacterial pellet and needle-like structure which was similar to the structure made from Cr(OH) 3 precipitate. Cr was observed in bacterial cells using TEM-EDX. Bacteria with high electron density showed the precipitation of Ca in addition to Cr. The isolated strain would be useful to precipitate Cr from Cr(VI)-containing environment.Keywords Chromium Á Electron microscopy Á Bacterium Á Actinobacterium Chromium(Cr) is an important element in industrial processes, i.e. electroplating and leather tanning. However a valence state of Cr, hexavalent Cr (Cr(VI)), is the toxic and harmful chemical form. Therefore it is important to develop technologies for the prevention of Cr(VI) from effusing into natural environment and for the detoxification of Cr(VI) by transforming the valence state into trivalent Cr (Cr(III)). In many bioreduction experiment, the most of Cr(III) was detected in water soluble form but not in insoluble precipitate. It is needed to understand Cr(III) precipitation mechanisms in Cr(VI)-reducing bacteria.Here we describe TEM and EDX analysis of Cr-containing precipitates which were synthesized by newly isolated actinomyces, Flexivirga alba ST13 T (=NBRC 107850 T = DSM 24460 T ) as a model of Cr(III)-accumulating bacterium [1]. The strain reduced Cr(VI) efficiently in minimal medium supplemented with molasses and formed water insoluble Cr(OH) 3 compound [2].Bacteria were grown aerobically in minimal medium (6 g/L Na 2 HPO 4 , 3 g/L KH 2 PO 4 , 1 g/L NH 4 Cl, 0.5 g/L NaCl, 0.246 g/L MgSO 4 Á7H 2 O, 0.01 g/L CaCl 2 , 0.4 % (w/w) molasses; pH 6.8) in a rotating bioshaker (Taitec, Saitama, Japan) at 200 rpm at 27°C. For the preparation of Cr(VI)-containing medium, 0.4 mM CrO 3 (Wako, Osaka, Japan) was added to the medium. Hexavalent and total Cr concentration were measured as described previously [2]. Strain ST13 T growth in medium containing CrO 3 was centrifuged (5,4009g, 5 min) to separate the culture supernatant and the cell pellet. The supernatant was used for Cr(VI) measurement. Briefly, 1 mM diphenylcarbazide (Wako) in 1.2 N H 2 SO 4 was mixed with an equal volume of supernatant for 10 min. The absorbance at 540 nm was determined using a spectrophotometer 3100 (GE Healthcare, Buckinghamshire, England). The Cr(VI) concentration in the sample was estimated by a standard curve generated with known amounts of Cr(VI). About 48 and 5 % Cr(VI) remained in medium on days 5 and 13, respectively. To examine the effect of Cr(VI) on bacterial morphology, gram staining was performed using Fiber-G (Nissui Pharmaceutical Co., Tokyo, Japan) and observed

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confidence: 93%

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confidence: 99%

Electron Microscopy and X-ray Analysis of Cr-Containing Precipitates Synthesized by Newly Isolated Actinobacterium, Flexivirga alba ST13T

Sugiyama

Sakaguchi

2014

Indian J Microbiol

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“…All of the data were obtained from the current study. The description is based on that given by Anzai et al (2011) and Kim et al (2013b), with the following amendments about polar lipids and cellular fatty acids. Genus Flexivirga has DPG and PI as polar lipids, and anteiso-C 17 : 0 and iso-C 17 : 0 as cellular fatty acids.…”

Section: Strain Tbs-100mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genus Flexivirga in the family Dermacoccaceae was proposed by Anzai et al (2011). The genus contains only one species, Flexivirga alba, at the time of writing.…”

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Flexivirga lutea sp. nov., isolated from the faeces of a crested ibis, Nipponia nippon, and emended description of the genus Flexivirga

Kang

Hyun

Kim

et al. 2016

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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Flexivirga lutea sp. nov., isolated from the faeces of a crested ibis, Nipponia nippon, and emended description of the genus Flexivirga , was isolated from the faeces of a crested ibis, Nipponia nippon. The phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the closest relative of TBS-100T was Flexivirga alba DSM 24460 T with 97.11 % sequence similarity, and that strain TBS-100 T belonged to the genus Flexivirga. The optimum growth conditions for strain TBS-100 T were 30 C, at a pH of 7 and in the presence of 0 % (w/v) NaCl. The primary cellular fatty acids of strain TBS-100 T were anteiso-C 17 : 0 and iso-C 17 : 0 . The predominant isoprenoid quinones were MK-8 (H 4 ) (70.2 %) and MK-8 (H 6 ) (29.7 %). The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, seven unidentified lipids and an unidentified phospholipid. The whole-cell sugars of strain TBS-100 T were ribose, glucose, galactose, rhamnose and mannose. The peptidoglycan contained alanine, lysine, glutamic acid, glycine and aspartic acid. The DNA G+C content was 64.8 mol%. The phenotypic, phylogenetic and genotypic analyses indicated that strain TBS-100 T represents a novel species of the genus Flexivirga for which the name Flexivirga lutea sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TBS-100 T (=KCTC 39625

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The Family Dermacoccaceae

Stackebrandt

Schümann

2014

The Prokaryotes

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Flexivirga alba gen. nov., sp. nov., an actinobacterial taxon in the family Dermacoccaceae

Cited by 23 publications

References 28 publications

Electron Microscopy and X-ray Analysis of Cr-Containing Precipitates Synthesized by Newly Isolated Actinobacterium, Flexivirga alba ST13T

Electron Microscopy and X-ray Analysis of Cr-Containing Precipitates Synthesized by Newly Isolated Actinobacterium, Flexivirga alba ST13T

Flexivirga lutea sp. nov., isolated from the faeces of a crested ibis, Nipponia nippon, and emended description of the genus Flexivirga

The Family Dermacoccaceae

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