Flexible Protective Film: Ultrahard, Yet Flexible Hybrid Nanocomposite Reinforced by 3D Inorganic Nanoshell Structures

Bae, Gwangmin; Choi, Gwang‐Mun; Ahn, Changui; Kim, Sang-Min; Kim, Wonsik; Choi, Young-Jun; Park, Dawon; Jang, Dongchan; Hong, Jung‐Wuk; Han, Seung Min; Bae, Byung Seong; Jeon, Seungwon

doi:10.1002/adfm.202010254

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Through the development of micro-/nanotechnologies, it has been proven that nano-physicochemical properties (including the stretchability and thermoelectric and photocatalytic properties) originating from various classes of 3D nanostructures can be successfully extended to bulk properties through an inch-scale production of the pattern [40,53,65,[83][84][85][86][87]. A wide range of high-value-added applications such as energy storage systems [60,[88][89][90][91][92][93][94], optical films [95], structural materials [96][97][98][99][100], and sensory devices [39,58,[101][102][103] have since become possible to implement through a wafer-scale production. It should be mentioned that the material substitution from a 3D polymeric template into ceramic, metal, and organic functional materials through atomic layer deposition [84-87, 89, 91, 95, 98], electroplating [60,83,88,93], and infiltration [40,53], respectively, can be used to expand the technical functionality during this 3D nanofabrication process.…”

Section: Realization Of Large-area 3d Nanopatternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental principles and development of proximity-field nanopatterning toward advanced 3D nanofabrication

et al. 2021

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Three-dimensional (3D) nanoarchitectures have offered unprecedented material performances in diverse applications like energy storages, catalysts, electronic, mechanical, and photonic devices. These outstanding performances are attributed to unusual material properties at the nanoscale, enormous surface areas, a geometrical uniqueness, and comparable feature sizes with optical wavelengths. For the practical use of the unusual nanoscale properties, there have been developments for macroscale fabrications of the 3D nanoarchitectures with process areas over centimeter scales. Among the many fabrication methods for 3D structures at the nanoscale, proximity-field nanopatterning (PnP) is one of the promising techniques that generates 3D optical holographic images and transforms them into material structures through a lithographic process. Using conformal and transparent phase masks as a key factor, the PnP process has advantages in terms of stability, uniformity, and reproducibility for 3D nanostructures with periods from 300 nm to several micrometers. Other merits of realizing precise 3D features with sub-100 nm and rapid processes are attributed to the interference of coherent light diffracted by phase masks. In this review, to report the overall progress of PnP from 2003, we present a comprehensive understanding of PnP, including its brief history, the fundamental principles, symmetry control of 3D nanoarchitectures, material issues for the phase masks, and the process area expansion to the wafer-scale for the target applications. Finally, technical challenges and prospects are discussed for further development and practical applications of the PnP technique.

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Section: Realization Of Large-area 3d Nanopatternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental principles and development of proximity-field nanopatterning toward advanced 3D nanofabrication

et al. 2021

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“…Recently, Bae et al reported the ultrahard yet flexible 3D hybrid nanocomposite film combining an epoxy-siloxane molecular hybrid (ESMH) as a polymeric matrix and BCT Al 2 O 3 as the reinforcement phase. 70 The BCT Al 2 O 3 evenly distributed in the ESMH matrix significantly enhances the hardness and impact resistance of the nanocomposite, while simultaneously maintaining high flexibility and optical transparency. The 3D hybrid nanocomposite achieves metal-like hardness (1.3 GPa with 17.1 vol % of Al 2 O 3 ), significantly higher than those of the conventional polymerbased nanocomposites.…”

Section: Nanoarchitected Materials Fabricated By Pnpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable Fabrication of High-Performance Thin-Shell Oxide Nanoarchitected Materials via Proximity-Field Nanopatterning

2021

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Nanoarchitected materials are considered as a promising research field, deriving distinctive mechanical properties by combining nanomechanical size effects with conventional structural engineering. Despite the successful demonstration of the superiority and feasibility of nanoarchitected materials, scalable and facile fabrication techniques capable of macroscopically producing such materials at a low cost are required to take advantage of the nanoarchitected materials for specific applications. Unlike conventional techniques, proximity-field nanopatterning (PnP) is capable of simultaneously obtaining high spatial resolution and mass producibility in synthesizing such nanoarchitected materials in the form of an inch-scale film. Herein, we focus on the feasibility of using PnP as a scalable fabrication technique for three-dimensional nanostructures and the superiority of the resultant thin-shell oxide nanoarchitected materials for specific applications, such as lightweight structural materials, mechanically robust nanocomposites, and high-performance piezoelectric materials. This review will discuss and summarize the relevant results obtained for nanoarchitected materials synthesized by PnP and provide suggestions for future research directions for scalable manufacturing and application.

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“…Our research team has previously reported organic–inorganic hybrid materials made by siloxane networks, which showed excellent stability against humid, thermal, mechanical, and chemical stresses. ,− The hybrid materials were made into a transparent and flexible film structure through simple curing and compressing processes. Although the hybrid material-based films have been used as dielectric layers, LED encapsulants, and nanoparticle (NP)-dispersed films, ,− their stabilities as f-μLED substrates and passivation layers have not been exploited in various harsh environments yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Siloxane Hybrid Material-Encapsulated Highly Robust Flexible μLEDs for Biocompatible Lighting Applications

Lee

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Flexible micro-light-emitting diodes (f-μLEDs) have been regarded as an attractive light source for the next-generation human–machine interfaces, thanks to their noticeable optoelectronic performances. However, when it comes to their practical utilizations fulfilling industrial standards, there have been unsolved reliability and durability issues of the f-μLEDs, despite previous developments in the high-performance f-μLEDs for various applications. Herein, highly robust flexible μLEDs (f-HμLEDs) with 20 × 20 arrays, which are realized by a siloxane-based organic–inorganic hybrid material (SHM), are reported. The f-HμLEDs are created by combining the f-μLED fabrication process with SHM synthesis procedures (i.e., sol–gel reaction and successive photocuring). The outstanding mechanical, thermal, and environmental stabilities of our f-HμLEDs are confirmed by a host of experimental and theoretical examinations, including a bending fatigue test (105 bending/unbending cycles), a lifetime accelerated stress test (85 °C and 85% relative humidity), and finite element method simulations. Eventually, to demonstrate the potential of our f-HμLEDs for practical applications of flexible displays and/or biomedical devices, their white light emission due to quantum dot-based color conversion of blue light emitted by GaN-based f-HμLEDs is demonstrated, and the biocompatibility of our f-HμLEDs is confirmed via cytotoxicity and cell proliferation tests with muscle, bone, and neuron cell lines. As far as we can tell, this work is the first demonstration of the flexible μLED encapsulation platform based on the SHM, which proved its mechanical, thermal, and environmental stabilities and biocompatibility, enabling us to envisage biomedical and/or flexible display applications using our f-HμLEDs.

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Flexible Protective Film: Ultrahard, Yet Flexible Hybrid Nanocomposite Reinforced by 3D Inorganic Nanoshell Structures

Cited by 28 publications

References 59 publications

Fundamental principles and development of proximity-field nanopatterning toward advanced 3D nanofabrication

Fundamental principles and development of proximity-field nanopatterning toward advanced 3D nanofabrication

Scalable Fabrication of High-Performance Thin-Shell Oxide Nanoarchitected Materials via Proximity-Field Nanopatterning

Siloxane Hybrid Material-Encapsulated Highly Robust Flexible μLEDs for Biocompatible Lighting Applications

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