Flexible polymer dispersed liquid crystal film with graphene transparent electrodes

Kim, Yura; Kim, Kwangyoon; Kim, Ki Buem; Park, Jun-Young; Lee, Naesung; Seo, Yongho

doi:10.1016/j.cap.2016.01.003

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It is worth noting that these foils rely on light scattering, not on the modulation of the polarisation state of light, and thus, they do not have any need for polarisers, which generally absorb a lot of the transmitted light intensity already. A similar device was also demonstrated by Kim et al [139]. light scattering, due to a random orientation of director field of the LC droplets, which leads to an abruptly changing refractive index on length scales of optical wavelengths (Figure 16a).…”

Section: Applications Of Carbon-based Ito-free Technologiessupporting

confidence: 62%

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Carbon Allotropes as ITO Electrode Replacement Materials in Liquid Crystal Devices

Dierking

2020

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Indium tin oxide (ITO)-free optoelectronic devices have been discussed for a number of years in the light of a possible indium shortage as demand rises. In particular, this is due to the largely increased number of flat panel displays and especially liquid crystal displays (LCDs) being produced for home entertainment TV and mobile technologies. While a shortage of primary indium seems far on the horizon, nevertheless, recycling has become an important issue, as has the development of ITO-free electrode materials, especially for flexible liquid crystal devices. The main contenders for new electrode technologies are discussed with an emphasis placed on carbon-based materials for LCDs, including composite approaches. At present, these already fulfil the technical specifications demanded from ITO with respect to transmittance and sheet resistance, albeit not in relation to cost and large-scale production. Advantages and disadvantages of ITO-free technologies are discussed, with application examples given. An outlook into the future suggests no immediate transition to carbon-based electrodes in the area of LCDs, while this may change in the future once flexible displays and environmentally friendly smart window solutions or energy harvesting building coverings become available.

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Section: Applications Of Carbon-based Ito-free Technologiessupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Other applications of ITO-free, flexible, and transparent graphene electrode liquid crystal devices can be found in the previously discussed Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystals (PDLC) for example as privacy or smart windows [138,139]. These will be discussed further in Section 4.…”

Section: Graphene Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Allotropes as ITO Electrode Replacement Materials in Liquid Crystal Devices

Dierking

2020

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“…2). Transmittance spectra of the Si–Ti based GDLC device measured as different driving voltages were compared with those of PDLC [1,2]. GDLC showed much lower operating voltages, 10–15 V, for on-state.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental data of inorganic gel based smart window using silica sol–gel process

Jung

Park

et al. 2016

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In this article experimental data are presented for inorganic gel based smart window fabricated using silica sol–gel process. Parallel beam transmittances were measured as functions of voltages for samples fabricated with different concentrations of nitric acid. Spectroscopic transmittance data at different driving voltages for samples fabricated with different LC concentrations are shown. Transmittance spectra of the Si–Ti based gel-based-liquid-crystal (GDLC) device measured as different driving voltages were compared with those of PDLC. GDLC showed much lower operating voltages, 10–15 V, for on-state. Formation of the LC droplet in gelation process is illustrated. The methyl organic group surrounds LC droplets. Demonstration of GDLC based smart window showed the successful operation with low driving voltages. GDLC window shows clear color, even at off-state, compared with PDLC.

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“…There are several potential alternatives to ITO including conductive polymers, graphene, Ag nanowires (NWs), metal grids, and carbon nanotubes. Recently, conductive polymers, graphene, and Ag NWs have been successfully integrated into PDLC-based smart windows [6,7,8]. Although these emerging candidate materials are of primary interest, they suffer from lower electrical conductivities, complex fabrication processes, lower transmittances, and uneven distributions of the electric currents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spray Deposition of Ag Nanowire–Graphene Oxide Hybrid Electrodes for Flexible Polymer–Dispersed Liquid Crystal Displays

Choi

2018

Materials

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We investigated the effect of different spray-coating parameters on the electro-optical properties of Ag nanowires (NWs). Highly transparent and conductive Ag NW–graphene oxide (GO) hybrid electrodes were fabricated by using the spray-coating technique. The Ag NW percolation network was modified with GO and this led to a reduced sheet resistance of the Ag NW–GO electrode as the result of a decrease in the inter-nanowire contact resistance. Although electrical conductivity and optical transmittance of the Ag NW electrodes have a trade-off relationship, Ag NW–GO hybrid electrodes exhibited significantly improved sheet resistance and slightly decreased transmittance compared to Ag NW electrodes. Ag NW–GO hybrid electrodes were integrated into smart windows based on polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) for the first time. Experimental results showed that the electro-optical properties of the PDLCs based on Ag NW–GO electrodes were superior when compared to those of PDLCs based on only Ag NW electrodes. This study revealed that the hybrid Ag NW–GO electrode is a promising material for manufacturing the large-area flexible indium tin oxide (ITO)-free PDLCs.

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Flexible polymer dispersed liquid crystal film with graphene transparent electrodes

Cited by 31 publications

References 25 publications

Carbon Allotropes as ITO Electrode Replacement Materials in Liquid Crystal Devices

Carbon Allotropes as ITO Electrode Replacement Materials in Liquid Crystal Devices

Experimental data of inorganic gel based smart window using silica sol–gel process

Spray Deposition of Ag Nanowire–Graphene Oxide Hybrid Electrodes for Flexible Polymer–Dispersed Liquid Crystal Displays

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