Flexible operation of grid‐connected microgrid using ES

Norouzi, Mohammadali; Aghaei, Jamshid; Pirouzi, Sasan; Niknam, Taher; Lehtonen, Matti

doi:10.1049/iet-gtd.2019.0483

Cited by 46 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The allowable voltage limits is equal [0.9 p.u, 1.05 p.u.]. Also, the load profile and the daily energy price curve are presented in 30 . It is noteworthy that in terms of network load, time interval 1:00 to 7:00 is equal to the low load case, which has an energy price of 16 $/MWh.…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two renewable SDGs (wind turbine) with 400 kW capacity are installed in busses 6 and 20, which DDOCRs 34 and 36 are located in these buses, respectively. The daily wind power rate curve is also presented in 30 . In addition, the left/hand relays of bus n are considered as Rn/Rn'.…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3, which its distribution lines and load peak characteristics are provided in 29 . The daily load factor curve is also expressed in 30 . This network also has 400 kVA non-…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Security-Constrained Optimal Protection Coordination for Dual-Setting Digital Directional Overcurrent Relays in the Distribution Network Including Non-Renewable/Renewable Synchronous Distributed Generation

Pirouzi¹,

Shahi²,

Zadeh³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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In this paper, the security-constrained optimal protection coordination (SCOPC) is introduced for dual setting digital directional overcurrent relay (DDOCR) in distribution network, which including renewable and non-renewable synchronous distributed generation (SDG). The SCOPC minimizes the total operation time of DDOCRs in primary and backup protection operating to achieve a fast protection coordination. Also, to improve the flexibility in DDOCRs setting, the allowable limits of A and B coefficients, pickup current (PC) and time dial setting (TDS) in both reverse and forward directions are considered as constraints. Another constraint is the Coordination Time interval (CTI). To consideration of the mentioned scheme security, the SCOPC mechanism considered the unavailability of DDOCRs due to their failure, so the stochastic method is used to modelling of this parameter. To calculate the fault current, network variables are proportional to the daily stochastic operation results of distribution network. Moreover, the proposed problem is implemented on the standard distribution networks, and then the optimal solution is obtained with hybrid algorithm of grey wolf optimization (GWO) and training and learning optimization (TLBO). The numerical results illustrate that the proposed algorithm is able to achieve a reliable and fast protection coordination that has a low standard deviation.

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Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Security-Constrained Optimal Protection Coordination for Dual-Setting Digital Directional Overcurrent Relays in the Distribution Network Including Non-Renewable/Renewable Synchronous Distributed Generation

Pirouzi¹,

Shahi²,

Zadeh³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…The optimised operation for radial distribution systems is addressed in [70, 74]. In [70], the general algebraic modelling software for solving the proposed stochastic optimisation problem is employed. The objective function minimises the operating cost and voltage deviation while maximises the system flexibility.…”

Section: Control Schemes and Their Applications In Epdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hardware structures, control strategies, and applications of electric springs: a state‐of‐the‐art review

Tapia-Tinoco

García-Pérez

Granados-Lieberman

et al. 2020

IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution

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“…To adequately describe the behavior of the ESs, the models include additional restrictions related to the characteristics of the network, the physical location of the ES, and their operating limits [24,25,40]. Other alternatives carried out increase the complexity of the model since they include a more significant number of equations [21] or the design of external algorithms that restrict the operation of the ESs within established regions [41][42][43].…”

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confidence: 99%

A Robust Electric Spring Model and Modified Backward Forward Solution Method for Microgrids with Distributed Generation

et al. 2020

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The electric spring (ES) is a contemporary device that has emerged as a viable alternative for solving problems associated with voltage and power stability in distributed generation-based smart grids (SG). In order to study the integration of ESs into the electrical network, the steady-state simulation models have been developed as an essential tool. Typically, these models require an equivalent electrical circuit of the in-test networks, which implies adding restrictions for its implementation in simulation software. These restrictions generate simplified models, limiting their application to specific scenarios, which, in some cases, do not fully apply to the needs of modern power systems. Therefore, a robust steady-state model for the ES is proposed in this work to adequately represent the power exchange of multiples ESs in radial micro-grids (µGs) and renewable energy sources regardless of their physical location and without the need of additional restrictions. For solving and controlling the model simulation, a modified backward–forward sweep method (MBFSM) is implemented. In contrast, the voltage control determines the operating conditions of the ESs from the steady-state solution and the reference voltages established for each ES. The model and algorithms of the solution and the control are validated with dynamic simulations. For the quasi-stationary case with distributed renewable generation, the results show an improvement higher than 95% when the ESs are installed. On the other hand, the MBFSM reduces the number of iterations by 34% on average compared to the BFSM.

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Flexible operation of grid‐connected microgrid using ES

Cited by 46 publications

References 69 publications

Security-Constrained Optimal Protection Coordination for Dual-Setting Digital Directional Overcurrent Relays in the Distribution Network Including Non-Renewable/Renewable Synchronous Distributed Generation

Security-Constrained Optimal Protection Coordination for Dual-Setting Digital Directional Overcurrent Relays in the Distribution Network Including Non-Renewable/Renewable Synchronous Distributed Generation

Hardware structures, control strategies, and applications of electric springs: a state‐of‐the‐art review

A Robust Electric Spring Model and Modified Backward Forward Solution Method for Microgrids with Distributed Generation

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