Flexible high efficiency perovskite solar cells

Roldán‐Carmona, Cristina; Malinkiewicz, Olga; Soriano, Alejandra; Espallargas, Guillermo Mı́nguez; García, Ana M. López; Reinecke, Patrick; Kroyer, Thomas; Dar, M. Ibrahim; Nazeeruddin, Mohammad Khaja; Bolink, Henk J.

doi:10.1039/c3ee43619e

Cited by 428 publications

(301 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

288

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The process is also compatible with flexible device applications, as demonstrated by Bolink and cow-orkers, who showed the remarkable mechanical properties of sublimed perovskite films in flexible devices. [72,73] An initial setback to the process is that the perovskite crystallization during evaporation seems to be affected by the choice of substrate. In particular, MAI seems to have a varying affinity to physisorb on certain substrates and might even decompose, which hinders the formation of the perovskite phase in the first few nanometers.…”

Section: Alternatives To Solution-processed Thin Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capturing the Sun: A Review of the Challenges and Perspectives of Perovskite Solar Cells

Petrus

Schlipf

Cheng

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

312

201

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

following statement: These materials can be processed from solution and yet exhibit optoelectronic materials properties described in classic solid-state physics textbooks. This unprecedented combination has led to photovoltaic devices that can be processed at room temperature and achieve performance levels similar to industry giant polycrystalline silicon, from a starting point of 3.8% in 2009. [1][2][3][4] The first light-emitting electrochemical cells [5] and diodes [6][7][8] have also been introduced recently, leading to tunable light emission spectra and internal quantum efficiencies exceeding 15%.The road towards these achievements has been marked by a constant improvement of perovskite deposition techniques fueled by our increasing understanding of the crystallization processes. The choice of deposition technique, either from solution or vapor, and the composition and order in which precursor species are applied has a great influence on the crystallization kinetics. Here, one can distinguish one-step methods where the perovskite is formed from a precursor mixture dissolved in a common solution, and two-step methods where the inorganic compound is deposited first and transformed to the perovskite phase later by addition of the organic constituents. [9][10][11] Furthermore, many parameters during processing can have an effect on the crystallization mechanism and consequently on film morphology, such as the choice of solvents, concentrations and processing additives that are often not incorporated into the final product. [11][12][13] We discuss this aspect in Section 2, where we focus our attention on the most commonly employed solution-based techniques. Additionally, as for any new technology trying to displace an incumbent technology, higher efficiencies, lower costs, reproducibility, stability, and sustainability are paramount. In particular, reproducibility has been a major challenge in perovskite solar cells from the beginning: small variations in morphology, like crystal size, film roughness, and pinholes can have detrimental effects on photovoltaic performance. [14] On the other hand, current-voltage measurements often showed a hysteresis that is rarely seen in other photovoltaic technologies. [15] These topics are highlighted in Sections 3 and 4. Finally, in Section 5 we discuss the framework for market introduction, such as cost reduction by choosing low-cost charge transport layers, or how the lifetime of perovskite absorbers can be extended by the choice of materials composition.Hybrid metal halide perovskites have become one of the hottest topics in optoelectronic materials research in recent years. Not only have they surpassed everyone's expectations and achieved similar performance as tried and true polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic devices, but they are also finding applications in a variety of different fields, including lighting. The main advantages of hybrid metal halide perovskites are simple processability, compatible with large-scale solution processing such as roll-to-roll printing, a...

show abstract

Section: Alternatives To Solution-processed Thin Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capturing the Sun: A Review of the Challenges and Perspectives of Perovskite Solar Cells

Petrus

Schlipf

Cheng

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

312

201

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Since the¯rst reports, 6,7 the solid state perovskite solar cell has been developed very fast to reach a power conversion e±ciency (PCE) above 15%. 8,9 Several studies have reported on solar cell structure, 7,[10][11][12] alternative organic materials, [13][14][15] charge transport mechanism, [16][17][18] perovskite preparing methods, 8,19,20°e xible solar cell, [21][22][23] and modules. 24 Although perovskite solar cell can also work without hole transport material (HTM), with a PCE of 5-8%, 12,25 transient absorption results show that the most e±cient charge separation is obtained when using TiO 2 and HTM together.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Efficient Solid-State Perovskite Solar Cell Without Lithium Salt in the Hole Transport Material

Boschloo

Hagfeldt

2014

NANO

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

CH 3 NH 3 PbX (X¼Br, I, Cl) perovskites have recently been used as light absorbers in hybrid organic-inorganic solid-state solar cells, with e±ciencies above 15%. To date, it is essential to add Lithium bis(Tri°uoromethanesulfonyl)Imide (LiTFSI) to the hole transport materials (HTM) to get a higher conductivity. However, the detrimental e®ect of high LiTFSI concentration on the charge transport, DOS in the conduction band of the TiO 2 substrate and device stability results in an overall compromise for a satisfactory device. Using a higher mobility hole conductor to avoid lithium salt is an interesting alternative. Herein, we successfully made an e±cient perovskite solar cell by applying a hole conductor PTAA (Poly[bis(4-phenyl) (2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-amine]) in the absence of LiTFSI. Under AM 1.5 illumination of 100 mW/cm 2 , an e±ciency of 10.9% was achieved, which is comparable to the e±ciency of 12.3% with the addition of 1.3 mM LiTFSI. An unsealed device without Li þ shows interestingly a promising stability.

show abstract

“…This lowtemperature processability enables the manufacture of solar cells on flexible substrates in large scale. 23,24 In addition, the inverted planar heterojunction structured perovskite devices show better stability under ultraviolet light than the mesoporous structured devices. 25 Subsequently, extensive work has been carried out on the planar heterojunction structured perovskite device, which pushes the device PCEs higher and higher, 16,26,27 including progressive effort on optimizing the crystallization process and morphology tuning of the perovskite films.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hole Transport Layer in Planar Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

Li¹,

Cui²,

Zhang³

et al. 2016

Chem. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study compares the photovoltaic performance of the inverted planar perovskite solar cells with and without poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as the hole transport layer (HTL). The device ITO/CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 / PCBM/Al (PCBM: [6,6]-phenyl-C 61 -butyric acid methyl ester) without PEDOT:PSS achieved a power conversion efficiency of 5.69%, which is much lower than that (ca. 10%) for the device with HTL. The effect of the HTL on the device performance was investigated by electronic impedance spectroscopy and transient photovoltage decay characterization. The results revealed that the low efficiency of HTL-free devices can be attributed to an inefficient electron-blocking capability. The absence of the HTL causes serious recombination at the ITO/perovskite interface, and thus results in low photovoltage and fill factor. 1618 There are two main types of perovskite solar cells under intensive investigation, i.e., mesoscopic structured and planar heterojunction structured devices. Mesoscopic structured devices initially employed n-type mesoporous metal oxide, for example TiO 2 layer, to extract and transport charge carriers. 5,1921 Lately, Snaith et al.2 replaced the n-type mesoporous TiO 2 layer with an insulating mesoporous Al 2 O 3 layer as a scaffold and reported devices with an exciting PCE of 10.9%. The existence of an insulating mesoporous Al 2 O 3 layer in the device configuration indicates that electrons can transport efficiently in the perovskite itself. Later on, by reducing the scaffold thickness, the authors began to explore the planar heterojunction configuration of perovskite solar cells.2 Devices with impressive efficiencies of above 15% were presented, in which deposition of a homogeneous pin-hole free perovskite layer and interfacial engineering are critical parameters for further performance enhancement. 11,22 In 2013, Guo et al.3 first introduced an inverted heterojunction structured perovskite solar cell, achieving a PCE of 3.9%. Even though this device showed lower efficiency compared to the conventional perovskite solar cells, inverted heterojunction structured perovskite devices have several advantages that attracted considerable attention, including simple device architecture and solution-processable fabrication process. This lowtemperature processability enables the manufacture of solar cells on flexible substrates in large scale. 23,24 In addition, the inverted planar heterojunction structured perovskite devices show better stability under ultraviolet light than the mesoporous structured devices. 25 Subsequently, extensive work has been carried out on the planar heterojunction structured perovskite device, which pushes the device PCEs higher and higher, 16,26,27 including progressive effort on optimizing the crystallization process and morphology tuning of the perovskite films.6,28 A useful strategy to improve perovskite solar cell performance is interfacial engineering. For example, interfacial materials such as PDINO 10 and PN4N26 have been adopted to ...

show abstract

Flexible high efficiency perovskite solar cells

Abstract: Flexible perovskite based solar cells with power conversion efficiencies of 7% have been prepared on PET based conductive substrates. Extended bending of the devices does not deteriorate their performance demonstrating their suitability for roll to roll processing

Cited by 428 publications

References 25 publications

Capturing the Sun: A Review of the Challenges and Perspectives of Perovskite Solar Cells

Capturing the Sun: A Review of the Challenges and Perspectives of Perovskite Solar Cells

High-Efficient Solid-State Perovskite Solar Cell Without Lithium Salt in the Hole Transport Material

Effect of Hole Transport Layer in Planar Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About