Flax and Flaxseed Oil (Linum usitatissimum): A Review by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration

Basch, Ethan; Bent, Steve; Collins, Jeffrey R.; Dacey, Cynthia; Hammerness, Paul; Harrison, Michelle; Smith, Michael; Szapary, Philippe; Ulbricht, Catherine; Vora, Mamta; Weissner, Wendy

doi:10.2310/7200.2007.005

Cited by 48 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…Quanto ao efeito anti-inflamatório, os resultados da literatura também não são consistentes [8,13] . Intervenção com doses de óleo de linhaça superiores a 14 g estão associadas à redução nas concentrações de marcadores inflamatórios.…”

Section: Linhaçaunclassified

Ácidos Graxos Poli-insaturados Ômega-3: saúde cardiovascular e sustentabilidade ambiental

Oliveira

Luzia

Rondó

2015

Segur. Aliment. Nutr.

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Os Ácidos Graxos Poli-insaturados Ômega-3 (n-3 PUFA) se referem a um conjunto de lipídios, incluindo os Ácidos Alfa-linolênico (ALA), Eicosapentaenóico (EPA) e Docoxahexaenóico (DHA). Estudos que tratam do papel do n-3 PUFA são abundantes e seu papel cardioprotetor está bem discutido na literatura, porém seus efeitos são mais evidentes na prevenção secundária, isto é, em populações com alguma alteração cardiovascular prévia. Apesar da ausência de fortes evidências em relação à prevenção primária, recomenda-se o consumo de peixe duas vezes por semana, além de outros alimentos fontes do ácido graxo, para pessoas sem doença cardiovascular diagnosticada. Equacionar as recomendações para a saúde e a possibilidade ambiental de atendê-las constitui-se em um grande desafio. As reservas de peixe têm sofrido rápido declínio nos últimos anos devido a seu caráter essencialmente extrativista, pois até mesmo a aquicultura envolve a utilização de pequenos peixes selvagens para a produção de ração. A utilização do óleo de microalgas, como fonte de n-3 PUFA para a aquicultura e para o consumo humano, pode ser uma alternativa, mas deve-se avaliar seu uso com responsabilidade para que haja preservação ambiental e garantia da segurança alimentar e nutricional.Palavras-chave: ácidos graxos ômega-3, ácido alfa-linolênico, ácido docosahexaenóico, ácido eicosapentaenóico, suplementos dietéticos, doenças cardiovasculares, sustentabilidade, Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional.

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Section: Linhaçaunclassified

Ácidos Graxos Poli-insaturados Ômega-3: saúde cardiovascular e sustentabilidade ambiental

Oliveira

Luzia

Rondó

2015

Segur. Aliment. Nutr.

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“…A review of the literature on flax yielded 13 categories for which flax had been studied in humans, including constipation=laxative, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis=coronary artery disease, breast cancer, cyclic mastalgia (breast pain), menopausal symptoms, hyperglycemia=diabetes, hypertension, lupus nephritis, human immunodeficiency virus=acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV=AIDS), and prostate cancer [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of flax oil in preventing postoperative peritoneal adhesions

Ayşan¹,

Bektaş²,

Kaygusuz³

et al. 2009

Eur Surg

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“…Flaxseed, or its extracted oil exert anticarcinogenic effects in some in vitro and in vivo experiments, and related extracts also play an important dietary role in various biological activities in the body (Basch et al, 2007). Flaxseed is the richest plant source of omega 3 fatty acid (α-linolenic acid) and the phytohormone lignans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum LS/07 in combination with flaxseed oil on the microflora, enzymatic activity, and histological changes in the development of chemically induced precancerous growth in the rat colon

Strojný¹,

Štofilová²,

Hijová³

et al. 2014

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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This experimental study showed the effect of L. plantarum LS/07 on the changes in total counts of coliform bacteria, enzymatic activities, cytokine and histological changes in the colonic mucosa, chemically induced by the application of 1.2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (1.2-DMH) in rats once a week during five weeks in the positive control group, probioticum (PRO) group, and probioticum and oil (PRO-O) group. A total of 32 rats were randomly assigned to four treatment groups: negative control group (diet without any supplements), positive control group (1.2-DMH without any supplements), PRO group (L. plantarum LS/07 at the dose (average concentration 2.88 × 10 9 CFU/ml) + 1.2-DMH), PRO-O group (L. plantarum LS/07 + flaxseed oil (40 g/kg feed) + 1.2-DMH). All rats were kept on fat diet (35 g/kg). The results showed a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in total counts of coliform bacteria in PRO-O group. Results of enzymatic activities of isolated strain showed that L. plantarum LS/07 does not produce enzyme β-glucuronidase. Significantly higher activity of β-galactosidase was in the groups PRO (P < 0.001) and PRO-O (P < 0.01). On the other hand, significantly lower (P < 0.001) enzymatic activity of ß-glucuronidase and β-glucosidase was found in PRO-O group compared with positive control group. The cytokine activity of tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) was significantly decreased in groups PRO (P < 0.001) and PRO-O (P < 0.01) compared to the positive control group. The histological examination showed different changes (aberrant crypts and goblet cells) in experimental groups in comparison to the negative control group. Our study indicates that L. plantarum LS/07 in combination with flaxseed oil had a positive influence on colon microflora, enzymatic activities, and cytokine activity. The total results showed that potentiating effects of natural components were markedly achieved in the experimental group PRO-O.

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Flax and Flaxseed Oil (Linum usitatissimum): A Review by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration

Cited by 48 publications

References 0 publications

Ácidos Graxos Poli-insaturados Ômega-3: saúde cardiovascular e sustentabilidade ambiental

Ácidos Graxos Poli-insaturados Ômega-3: saúde cardiovascular e sustentabilidade ambiental

Efficacy of flax oil in preventing postoperative peritoneal adhesions

Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum LS/07 in combination with flaxseed oil on the microflora, enzymatic activity, and histological changes in the development of chemically induced precancerous growth in the rat colon

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