Flavonoids fromOrthosiphon spicatus

Abstract

Orthosiphon spicatus (Thunb.) Bak. (Lamiaceae) is a South East Asian plant which is used against kidney and urinary tract diseases, such as bladder and kidney inflammation (1). The drug Orthosiphonis Folium is described in the German (DAB 8) and Swiss (Pharm. Helv. VI) Pharmacopoeias. A number of lipophilic flavonoids have been found in the drug (2-6);

Effects of Orthosiphon stamineus aqueous extract on plasma glucose concentration and lipid profile in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

“…Several classes of chemicals have been found in Orthosiphon stamineus which are rich in flavonoid, terpenoid, caffeic acid derivatives, chromene and phenolic compounds (Malterud et al, 1989;Tezuka et al, 2000;Olah et al, 2003). Several phenolic compounds and flavonoid possess marked anti-diabetic activity (Hsu et al, 2000).…”

Toxicity evaluation of a standardised 50% ethanol extract of Orthosiphon stamineus

“…This plant has been reported to contain highly oxygenated isopimarane-type diterpenes and orthosiphols A-E, along with monoterpenes, triterpenes, saponins, flavonoids, hexoses, organic acids, rosmarinic acid, chromene and myo-inositol (Malterud et al, 1989;Tezuka et al, 2000;Olah et al, 2003). In addition, it has been reported to possess hypoglycaemic and anti-hyperglycaemic activities (Mariam et al, 1996) as an aqueous extract of O. stamineus has a hypoglycaemic effect in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.…”

Determination of flavonoids from Orthosiphon stamineus in plasma using a simple HPLC method with ultraviolet detection

“…Several classes of compounds have been identified in this plant and they included flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, hexoses, organic acids, caffeic acids derivatives, chromene and myo-inositol [2][3][4][5][6]. Among these compounds, the flavonoids and caffeic acid derivatives were found to possess potential therapeutic properties, as they were shown to exert diuretic and uricosuric actions in rats [6].…”

“…Among these compounds, the flavonoids and caffeic acid derivatives were found to possess potential therapeutic properties, as they were shown to exert diuretic and uricosuric actions in rats [6]. The three main flavonoids found in O. stamineus were sinensitin, eupatorin and 3 -hydroxy-5,6,7,4 -tetramethoxyflavone [2,7,8] and they were also shown to possess cytotoxic [2], antifungal [9] and antioxidant activities [10,11]. Moreover, sinensitin has recently been reported to reverse the Pglycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance in the absorption of drugs [12].…”