Flame retardancy of carbon nanofibre/intumescent hybrid paper based fibre reinforced polymer composites

Tang, Yong; Zhuge, Jinfeng; Lawrence, J H; McKee, J.M.; Gou, Jihua; Ibeh, Christopher C.; Hu, Yuan

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.02.013

Cited by 37 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…As far as other tubular nanocomposites are concerned, halloysite (Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4 ·2H 2 O) nanotubes [201] and carbon fibers [202] were also used in the flame retardancy of polymeric materials. A notable research was delivered by Wu et al [203], charring center for PS/IFR system and a bridging function to the char formation.…”

Section: Tubular Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intumescence: Tradition versus novelty. A comprehensive review

Alongi

Han

Bourbigot³

2015

Progress in Polymer Science

446

295

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Section: Tubular Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intumescence: Tradition versus novelty. A comprehensive review

Alongi

Han

Bourbigot³

2015

Progress in Polymer Science

446

295

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“…4 Scheme of tentative stabilization mechanism and structure of pre-carbonized PAN nanofiber and color change of the nanofiber web before the treatment, during the treatment inside the furnace and end of the treatment release rates [38]. Another study showed that a hybrid nanopaper consisting carbon fiber lamination system helps to reduce heat release rate [39]. Commonly used nanoparticles (nanoclays, carbon nanofibers, and carbon nanotubes) for the fabrication of polymer nanocomposites not only reduce the flammability of the material but also improves the mechanical properties [39][40][41].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonflammable pre-carbonized polyacrylonitrile nanofiber webs

İşmar

Saraç

2020

SN Appl. Sci.

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For non-flammability usages, composite structures with nano-additives or carbonized form of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) are generally preferred. In this study, a pre-carbonized form of nanofiber webs (OxPAN) is firstly proposed as a nonflammable material to eliminate the need for carbonization. The thermal oxidative stabilization process is applied to the PAN nanofibers to achieve high structural stability. This prevents melting and fusing during the thermal treatments and thereby improves the thermal stability of the web. PAN nanofiber webs were successfully obtained via the electrospinning technique and the thermal oxidation process was then applied. The structural properties of the oxidized PAN nanofiber webs were investigated by Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. The surface morphology of the OxPAN was examined by scanning electron microscopy and the average fiber diameter was measured as 265 ± 64 nm. The thermal properties were analyzed with a differential scanning calorimeter and a thermal gravimetric analyzer. The flammability performance was tested via the Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI), and it was found that in addition to being lightweight, OxPAN nanofiber webs exhibit splendid performance with a LOI value of 48-49%.

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“…However, for the CCA sample, besides the positive effect due to the layer structure of clay, an ablative reassembling of the silicate layers from clay can hinder NH 3 from swelling which has a negative effect on the formation of the intumescent char. 16 It can be seen that all the samples seem to have the same decomposition rate during the major mass loss period (300-450 C). However, if one considers the fact that CNF and xGnP particles are extremely stable (i.e., the exaggerated denominator for the decomposition rate of resin that containing hybrid nanopaper), it is reasonable to conclude that the introduction of hybrid nanopaper indeed increases the decomposition rate of resin which also explains why the paper-coated sample has shorter ignition time.…”

Section: Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 85%

“…It was worthy to note that the weight ratio of CNF/Clay/APP ¼ 5/1/9 was chosen based on our previous experiment in which the fire retardancy of such type of nanopaper was the best. 16 For comparison, the weight ratio of CNF/xGnP/APP was selected to be 5/1/9. The mixture was then sonicated with a Misonix S-3000 for 15 min at a power of 60-80 W. After the suspension was well dispersed, the nanopapers [ Fig.…”

Section: Processing Of Hybrid Nanopapers and Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire performance and post‐fire mechanical properties of polymer composites coated with hybrid carbon nanofiber paper

Zhuge

Gou

Chen

et al. 2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, glass fiber reinforced polyester composites were coated with carbon nanofiber/clay/ammonium polyphosphate (CCA) paper and carbon nanofiber/ exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets/ammonium polyphosphate (CXA) paper. The composites were exposed to a heat flux of 35 kW/m 2 during the cone calorimeter testing. The testing results showed a significant reduction in both heat release rates and mass loss rates. The peak heat release rate (PHRR) of CCA and CXA composite samples in the major decomposition period are 23 and 34% lower than the control sample, respectively. The time to reach the PHRR for the CCA and CXA composite samples are $ 125% longer than the control sample. After the composite samples were exposed to heat for different time periods, their post-fire mechanical properties were determined by three-point bending testing. The threepoint bending testing results show that the composite samples coated with such hybrid papers exhibit more than 20% improvement in mechanical resistance at early stages of combustion. The mechanism of hybrid carbon nanofiber paper protecting the underlying laminated composites is discussed.

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Flame retardancy of carbon nanofibre/intumescent hybrid paper based fibre reinforced polymer composites

Cited by 37 publications

References 23 publications

Intumescence: Tradition versus novelty. A comprehensive review

Intumescence: Tradition versus novelty. A comprehensive review

Nonflammable pre-carbonized polyacrylonitrile nanofiber webs

Fire performance and post‐fire mechanical properties of polymer composites coated with hybrid carbon nanofiber paper

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