Fixation and metabolism of carbon dioxide by photosynthetically active carrot callus cultures

Bender, L.

doi:10.1139/b87-241

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Our results give further credence to this hypothesis, attributing a dual role (cause and effect) to ethylene in influencing growth and morphogenesis ill vitro. We have evidence suggesting that non-autotrophically fixed carbon dioxide as a result of increased phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity may be important during organogenesis in radiata pine cotyledon cultures (data not shown), as has been shown to be important for exponentially growing cell cultures (Bender, 1987;Rogers et ai., 1987). The contrasting observations regarding the effect of allowing ethylene and carbondioxide to accumulate in the culture vessels on morphogenesis, allow us to speculate that the unique processes of organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis arc probably regulated differently.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Applications of Biotechnology in Forestry and Horticulture

Dhawan¹

1990

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Land is the most fundamental resource of a country and as a result of the high rate of population growth in India, the pressure to produce more food, fodder, timber and fuelwood from the available land is intense. Land use, therefore, needs judicious planning. India has about 130 Mha of wastelands. Wastelands are defined as lands that are degraded and are lying unutilised due to constraints such as salinity, alkalinity, waterlogging, wind and water erosion, etc. Since wastelands are degraded and unsuitable for agriculture, they can be utilised to meet the growing demand for fuelwood, fodder, small timber and industrial wood. Not only do we have to reclaim the wastelands but we should also try and protect our forest cover which is being depleted at the rate of 1.3 Mha per year. Efforts are also required to step up the existing per hectare yield of 0.2 m 3 to 2-3 m 3 • The need of the hour is a quantum jump in existing afforestation targets. The plan is to afforest wastelands at a rate of 5 Mha per annum. Such large-scale plantations will demand a large amount of planting material (seeds or seedlings) and in order to achieve higher yields, it is important that 4 Ram achan dran these planting materials are of good quality. This means a high yielding plant which is also resistant to different diseases and pests. Such plants can be obtained by conventional methods of tree breeding and non-conventional methods of genetic engineering and somatic hybridisation. Unlike annual crops, the breeding behavior of trees is complex and their life-cycle long. Therefore, it takes many years to produce a variety with desirable traits. However, the development of modern non-conventional methods of genetic engineering, tissue culture and somatic hybridisation has offered new ways to enhance forest productivity more rapidly. By these methods, it has become possible to develop such varieties of ornamental and crop plants, with many desirable traits such as fast growth, high yield, disease resistance, herbicide and stress tolerance, etc. in a much shorter time than that taken by the conventional methods. However, this quick, non-conventional methodology of producing plants is very expensive. Since both the methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, it will be prudent to combine the conventional methods and the new methods of biotechnology to increase productivity, both qualitatively and quantitatively, in order to achieve the desired goals. CHOICE OF TREESForests constitute the base for agriculture, animal husbandry, industrial development and, thus, all-round development. A dense forest cover is also required for a healthy environment, as deforestation leads to environmental degradation, soil erosion, recurrent floods, droughts and desertification. India's forest area is about 64.20 Mha which constitutes about 19.52 percent of the total geographic area of the country (National Natural Resource Monitoring System, 1987, of the Department of Space, Government of India). With less than 2 percent of the world's forest area, we are ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Applications of Biotechnology in Forestry and Horticulture

Dhawan¹

1990

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“…Le malate forme est rapidement metabolise en aminoacides pendant Ia phase de multiplication exponentielle des cellules tandis qu'il est stocke sous forme d'amidon pendant Ia phase stationnaire. Parfitt et al (1988) (Bender, 1987), de tabac (Mousseau, 1986), dans des suspensions cellulaires de tabac (Nato et Vidal, 1983) ou d'erable ( Vanderhoven et Zrid, 1978), une fixation de C0 2 est mise en evidence tant a Ia lumiere qu'a l'ohscurite. Elle peut atteindre 50 % du carbone assimile en phase de multiplication exponentielle des cellules contre seulement 10 % en phase stationnaire (Nato et Vidal, 1983).…”

Section: Summary-b-carboxylations (Pepc Pepck) Appeared Wide-spread Inunclassified

Les β-carboxylations dans les systèmes cellulaires de type C₃

Coudret

Ducher

1993

Acta Botanica Gallica

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“…PEPcase activity is high in exponentially growing suspension [18,19] and callus cultures [20] while Rubisco activity decreases during exponential phase [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of photomixotrophic and heterotrophic callus and suspension cultures of Pinus elliottii. 1. Photosynthetic properties and ultrastructural evidence for coexistence of starch granules and secondary metabolites

Treat

Engler

Soltes

1989

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Photomixotrophic callus and suspension cultures of slash pine (Pmus elliottii var. elliottii Engelm.) have been established. Callus tissues contained up to 2.76/ag chlorophyll mg-t dry wt and suspensions 2.98/~g chlorophyll mg-~ dry wt. Maximum photosynthetic oxygen evolution was 25-32 /~mol O., h -~ mg -~ chlorophyll for callus and 35-39/amol 02 h-~ mg-t chlorophyll for suspension, respectively. Photomixotrophic callus was friable with a high moisture content during early and exponential growth, but evolved into a compact and dense tissue during the latter stage of growth. Compact photomixotrophic callus accumulated and deposited secondary metabolites in the central vacuole and developed large starch granules in the chloroplasts. Secondary metabolites were not observed in photomixotrophic suspensions or in heterotrophic calli and suspensions. Photomixotrophic callus contained numerous mitochondria closely associated with well-developed chloroplasts containing 2-6 thylakoids per granum Heterotrophic callus was characterized by a poorly developed cytoplasm and cup-shaped mitochondria.

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Fixation and metabolism of carbon dioxide by photosynthetically active carrot callus cultures

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Applications of Biotechnology in Forestry and Horticulture

Applications of Biotechnology in Forestry and Horticulture

Les β-carboxylations dans les systèmes cellulaires de type C₃

Comparison of photomixotrophic and heterotrophic callus and suspension cultures of Pinus elliottii. 1. Photosynthetic properties and ultrastructural evidence for coexistence of starch granules and secondary metabolites

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Fixation and metabolism of carbon dioxide by photosynthetically active carrot callus cultures

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Applications of Biotechnology in Forestry and Horticulture

Applications of Biotechnology in Forestry and Horticulture

Les β-carboxylations dans les systèmes cellulaires de type C3

Comparison of photomixotrophic and heterotrophic callus and suspension cultures of Pinus elliottii. 1. Photosynthetic properties and ultrastructural evidence for coexistence of starch granules and secondary metabolites

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Les β-carboxylations dans les systèmes cellulaires de type C₃