Five Salmonellosis Outbreaks Related to Poultry Products

McCroan, John E.; McKinley, Thomas W.; Brim, Alice; Ramsey, Carolyn H.

doi:10.2307/4592026

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The number of human outbreaks increases strikingly around Easter, when chicken or duck hatchlings are especially popular pets. Such outbreaks have been documented every few years since the 1950s (see for example [209-211]). To reduce the risk associated with hobby farming, the sale of poultry for meat or egg production at feed stores is prohibited in all USA states [212].…”

Section: Avian Sources Of Human Salmonellosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal contact as a source of human non-typhoidal salmonellosis

Hoelzer

Switt

Wiedmann

2011

Vet Res

415

383

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Non-typhoidal Salmonella represents an important human and animal pathogen world-wide. Most human salmonellosis cases are foodborne, but each year infections are also acquired through direct or indirect animal contact in homes, veterinary clinics, zoological gardens, farm environments or other public, professional or private settings. Clinically affected animals may exhibit a higher prevalence of shedding than apparently healthy animals, but both can shed Salmonella over long periods of time. In addition, environmental contamination and indirect transmission through contaminated food and water may complicate control efforts. The public health risk varies by animal species, age group, husbandry practice and health status, and certain human subpopulations are at a heightened risk of infection due to biological or behavioral risk factors. Some serotypes such as Salmonella Dublin are adapted to individual host species, while others, for instance Salmonella Typhimurium, readily infect a broad range of host species, but the potential implications for human health are currently unclear. Basic hygiene practices and the implementation of scientifically based management strategies can efficiently mitigate the risks associated with animal contacts. However, the general public is frequently unaware of the specific disease risks involved, and high-risk behaviors are common. Here we describe the epidemiology and serotype distribution of Salmonella in a variety of host species. In addition, we review our current understanding of the public health risks associated with different types of contacts between humans and animals in public, professional or private settings, and, where appropriate, discuss potential risk mitigation strategies.

show abstract

Section: Avian Sources Of Human Salmonellosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal contact as a source of human non-typhoidal salmonellosis

Hoelzer

Switt

Wiedmann

2011

Vet Res

415

383

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[1][2][3][5][6][7] Salmonella outbreaks have intermittently occurred every few years since the 1950s when ducklings are purchased as pets during the Easter holiday season. [8][9][10] One case in the USA confirmed a single mail-order poultry hatchery was responsible for an 8-year Salmonella outbreak and thousands of infections in 43 states. 11 Salmonella typhimurium has been isolated from 40% of hatchlings and 1% of older ducklings in Taiwan, even though clear host species specific differences have also been detected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization ofSalmonella entericain day-old ducklings in Egypt

Osman

Marouf

Zolnikov

et al. 2013

Pathogens and Global Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Importing day-old ducklings (DOD) unknowingly infected with non-typhoid Salmonella (NTS) may be associated with disease risk. Domestic and international trade may enhance this risk. Salmonella enterica serovars, their virulence genes combinations and antibiotic resistance, garner attention for their potentiality to contribute to the adverse health effects on populations throughout the world. The aim of this study was to estimate the risk of imported versus domestic DOD as potential carriers of NTS. The results confirm the prevalence of salmonellosis in imported ducklings was 18.5% (25/135), whereas only 12% (9/75) of cases were determined in the domestic ducklings. Fourteen serovars (Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella kisii, Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella gaillac, Salmonella uno, Salmonella eingedi, Salmonella shubra, Salmonella bardo, Salmonella inganda, Salmonella kentucky, Salmonella stanley, Salmonella virchow, Salmonella haifa, and Salmonella anatum) were isolated from the imported ducklings, whereas only S. enteritidis, S. typhimurium, S. virchow, and S. shubra were isolated from the domestic ducklings. The isolated Salmonella serovars were 100% susceptible to only colistin sulphate and 100% resistant to lincomycin. The 14 Salmonella serovars were screened for 11 virulence genes (invA, avrA, ssaQ, mgtC, siiD, sopB, gipA, sodC1, sopE1, spvC, and bcfC) by PCR. The invA, sopB, and bcfC genes were detected in 100% of the Salmonella serovars; alternatively, the gipA gene was absent in all of the isolated Salmonella serovars. The 11 virulent genes were not detected in either of S. stanley or S. haifa serovars. The results confirm an association between antibiotic resistance and virulence of Salmonella in the DOD. This study confirms the need for a country adherence to strict public health and food safety regimes.

show abstract

“…Foodborne salmonellosis has been epidemiologically linked to eggs and egg products (Watt, 1945;McCroan et al, 1963;Coyle et al, 1988;St. Louis et al, 1988;Anonymous, 1989;Perales and Audicana, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for Inoculation and Recovery of Salmonella from Chicken Eggs

et al. 1991

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Various methods of applying inoculum and recovering low numbers of artificially inoculated Salmonella typhimurium on eggs were evaluated. Inoculation methods tested were suspending cells in 1) .85% saline; 2) 1% peptone; 3) sterile chicken fecal paste; or 4) a 1:10 dilution of chicken feces in .85% saline. Sampling methods tested were 1) shell and membrane massage; and 2) mortar and pestle grinding of shells and membranes. The method that yielded the best recovery of low numbers of Salmonella was as follows: 1) apply cell suspension in 1% peptone to egg; 2) sample egg by a hand crush and massage of shell and membranes in 50 mL of buffered peptone; 3) incubate shell and membranes in buffered peptone overnight and then plate onto selective agar. Methods that did not improve sensitivity of recovery included varying the inoculum drying time, addition of FeSO4 or Cleland's reagent to the recovery medium, and varying the temperature of the inoculum to affect penetration.

show abstract

Five Salmonellosis Outbreaks Related to Poultry Products

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

Animal contact as a source of human non-typhoidal salmonellosis

Animal contact as a source of human non-typhoidal salmonellosis

Isolation and characterization ofSalmonella entericain day-old ducklings in Egypt

Methods for Inoculation and Recovery of Salmonella from Chicken Eggs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About