Five-Day Whole-Body Cryostimulation, Blood Inflammatory Markers, and Performance in High-Ranking Professional Tennis Players

The aim of the study was to assess the impact of cryotherapy on changes of surface body temperate and efficiency of thermoregulatory processes in relation to the intensity of cryogenic stimuli. The study included 30 football players and 30 students. Intervention: both groups were divided into three subgroups treated with cryostimulation at -100, -120 and -140°C. Body surface temperature was measured at baseline (before cryostimulation), 5 and 30 min after the treatment. Regions of trunk, lower limbs and upper limbs were examined. The difference of baseline raw curves and raw curves performed directly and 30 min after cryotherapy at the three levels of temperature in both studied groups. Baseline surface body temperature was lower in athletes than in student. Decrease in surface temperature observed after cryotherapy was significant and greater in football players than in students. The drop in surface temperature in athletes by 4.87°in the regions of upper limbs, trunk by 5.9°C and lower limbs by 7.81°C was reported. After 30-min restitution, the surface temperature restored to baseline in all subjects in all examined regions with greater dynamics in athletes. The study results indicate better effectiveness of thermoregulatory processes in football players. In this group, the greatest changes in temperature occurred after cryostimulation at temperature -120°C.Further research is required to assess recommended values of thermal stimuli.

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“…[3][4][5]. All intergroup comparisons reveal that mean surface temperature was lower in the group of athletes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Cooling the whole body by extremely low temperatures is regarded as a ''method of recovery'' in biological regeneration. Combining cryostimulation with specialised training enables obtaining a high level of efficiency by an athlete and simultaneously reduces the risk of injuries [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoregulation of football players after cryotherapy in thermography

Dębiec-Bąk

Pawik

Skrzek

2016

J Therm Anal Calorim

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“…Initial studies have shown generally positive results with reductions in the pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNFα (Ziemann et al, 2012;Ziemann et al, 2013), IL-1β , and C-reactive protein and increases in the anti-inflammatory IL-10 (Banfi et al, 2009;Ziemann et al, 2013;Lubkowska et al, 2011), and IL-ra cytokines. However, these studies should be interpreted with caution due to the fact that they were completed under various conditions, not strictly looking at post-exercise recovery.…”

Section: Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these studies should be interpreted with caution due to the fact that they were completed under various conditions, not strictly looking at post-exercise recovery. One study was testing WBC on inflammation in obese men (Ziemann et al, 2013), and three others were done over multiple session rather than one session (Ziemann et al, 2012;Ziemann et al, 2013;. Two studies have also noted no changes in TNFα, IL-10, IL-1β, and IL-6 after WBC compared to passive control groups Leppaluoto et al, 2008).…”

Section: Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second study completed by Banfi et al (2009) showed a reduction in CK levels after WBC, but was purely observational and also contained no control group; therefore, any conclusions drawn from this study should be done with caution. More recently, higher-quality, experimental studies (Hausswirth et al, 2011;Fonda & Sarabon, 2013;Ziemann et al, 2012) examining the effect of WBC on CK levels post-exercise clearly indicate that WBC is ineffective at limiting CK appearance.…”

Section: Ijkss 4(4):32-39 2016mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effectiveness of Whole Body Cryotherapy Compared to Cold Water Immersion: Implications for Sport and Exercise Recovery

2016

IJKSS

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Background: Cryotherapy is the process of cooling the body, is typically used therapeutically, and is often used as a method of recovery relative to sport and exercise performance. The purpose of this review is to compare the current literature on WBC to that of CWI and determine whether WBC provides any additional enhancements for sport and exercise recovery. These include tissue temperature reduction, markers of muscle damage, markers of inflammation, and parasympathetic reactivation. Method: Common methods of cryotherapy include cold water immersion (CWI), ice packs, ice massages, and gel or cooling creams. CWI is the most common method among athletes; however, a new form of cryotherapy, known as whole-body cryotherapy (WBC), has recently emerged. Since its introduction, WBC has grown in popularity among practitioners and athletes. WBC involves short exposures (generally between 2-4 minutes) to very cold air (-100o C to -140o C) in a controlled room and setting. Furthermore, many of the studies on WBC were observational and did not contain a control group. Conclusion: Despite its growing popularity, the alleged benefits of WBC are largely based on anecdotal evidence as randomized, clinically-controlled studies regarding its efficacy are limited.

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