Five-component model of schizophrenia: Assessing the factorial invariance of the positive and negative syndrome scale

Bell, Morris D.; Lysaker, Paul H.; Goulet, Joseph L.; Milstein, Robert; Lindenmayer, Jean-Pierre

doi:10.1016/0165-1781(94)90075-2

Cited by 393 publications

(222 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This will likely facilitate the comparability of our results with those obtained in future studies. The symptom dimensions were founded on the PANSS which has previously been shown to be resilient to the effects of age, severity of symptoms, chronicity of illness (White et al 1997) and short-term medication withdrawal (Lindenmayer et al 1994).…”

Section: Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, research conducted in firstepisode psychosis (FEP) cases where symptomatology is not affected by differences in clinical practice, hospitalisation and treatment choices is still lacking (Emsley et al 2003;Demjaha et al 2009). Existing research has most frequently identified multidimensional models with five factors (Bell et al 1994;Lindenmayer et al 1994;White et al 1997;Lancon et al 1998;Emsley et al 2003). Based on previous work, Wallwork et al (2012) derived a consensus five-factor model of psychosis that comprised positive (e.g., delusions, hallucinatory behaviour), negative (e.g., blunted affect, emotional withdrawal), disorganised/concrete (e.g., conceptual disorganisation, difficulty in abstract thinking), excited (e.g., excitement, hostility) and depressed (e.g., depression, guilt feelings) dimensions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of childhood adversities on specific symptom dimensions in first-episode psychosis

et al. 2015

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Section: Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of childhood adversities on specific symptom dimensions in first-episode psychosis

et al. 2015

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“…The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS (Kay et al, 1989)) was employed to assess several dimensions of behavior. In this report, empirically derived factors are reported excluding those items that could not be assessed during the test sessions (Bell et al, 1994): positive symptom factor (delusions, unusual thoughts, somatic concern, grandiosity, suspiciousness, and hallucinations), negative symptom factor (emotional withdrawal, blunted affect, poor rapport, disturbance of volition, preoccupation, and motor retardation), cognitive factor (difficulty in abstract thinking, stereotyped thinking, cognitive disorganization, lack of judgement and insight, poor attention, tension, mannerisms, and posturing), hostility (excitement, hostility, impulse control, and uncooperativeness), emotional discomfort (depression, anxiety, and guilt). In addition, subjects completed visual analog scales (VAS) measuring high, drowsiness, nervousness, and the number of standard alcohol drinks that would be anticipated to produce the subjective effects experienced at a given timepoint (the 'number of drinks' scale) (Krystal et al, 1998).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentiation of Low Dose Ketamine Effects by Naltrexone: Potential Implications for the Pharmacotherapy of Alcoholism

Krystal

Madonick

Perry

et al. 2006

Neuropsychopharmacol

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The interplay of opiate and NMDA glutamate receptors may contribute to psychosis, cognitive function, alcoholism, and substance dependence. Ketamine and ethanol block the NMDA glutamate receptor. The purpose of this randomized double-blind, placebocontrolled human laboratory study was to evaluate whether the interactive effects of drugs acting at opiate and NMDA glutamate receptors might partially explain the efficacy of naltrexone for the treatment of alcoholism, that is, whether naltrexone 25 mg pretreatment would modulate ketamine effects in healthy human subjects. Two groups of healthy subjects were studied. An initial group (n ¼ 31) received a perception-altering subanesthetic dose of ketamine (bolus of 0.23 mg/kg over 1 min followed by a 60-min infusion of 0.58 mg/kg or saline bolus and infusion). A second group (n ¼ 24) completed the same testing procedures, but received a subperceptual ketamine dose (bolus 0.081 mg/kg over 10 min followed by an infusion of 0.4 mg/kg/h). Ketamine produced positive symptoms, negative symptoms, emotional discomfort, and cognitive effects as measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in a doserelated fashion. The lower ketamine dose produced subjective effects similar to two standard ethanol drinks, whereas the higher ketamine dose produced effects similar to five standard drinks. Although naltrexone produced no significant behavioral effects, it significantly magnified the increase in the total PANSS score produced by the lower subperceptual dose of ketamine, but not the higher perception-altering dose of ketamine. These data suggest that the interplay of opiate receptor antagonism and NMDA receptor antagonism may be relevant to the protective effects of naltrexone on alcohol consumption via potentiation of dysphoric effects associated with the NMDA receptor antagonist effects of ethanol. However, these data suggest that at levels of NMDA receptor antagonism associated with heavy drinking, this protective effect of naltrexone on drinking is no longer present.

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“…Symptom ratings were categorized into a five-factor structure (i.e., positive, negative, cognitive, hostility, and emotional discomfort) that has been suggested to provide a more sensitive subtype classification than the conventional Positive, Negative, and General subscale distribution (Bell et al, 1994a(Bell et al, , 1994bKay & Sevy, 1990).…”

Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal processing dysfunction in schizophrenia

Carroll

Boggs

O’Donnell

et al. 2008

Brain and Cognition

117

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Schizophrenia may be associated with a fundamental disturbance in the temporal coordination of information processing in the brain, leading to classic symptoms of schizophrenia such as thought disorder and disorganized and contextually inappropriate behavior. Despite the growing interest and centrality of time-dependent conceptualizations of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, there remains a paucity of research directly examining overt timing performance in the disorder. Accordingly, the present study investigated timing in schizophrenia using a well-established task of time perception. Twenty-three individuals with schizophrenia and 22 non-psychiatric control participants completed a temporal bisection task, which required participants to make temporal judgments about auditory and visually presented durations ranging from 300 to 600 ms. Both schizophrenia and control groups displayed greater visual compared to auditory timing variability, with no difference between groups in the visual modality. However, individuals with schizophrenia exhibited less temporal precision than controls in the perception of auditory durations. These findings correlated with parameter estimates obtained from a quantitative model of time estimation, and provide evidence of a fundamental deficit in temporal auditory precision in schizophrenia.

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Five-component model of schizophrenia: Assessing the factorial invariance of the positive and negative syndrome scale

Cited by 393 publications

References 7 publications

Impact of childhood adversities on specific symptom dimensions in first-episode psychosis

Impact of childhood adversities on specific symptom dimensions in first-episode psychosis

Potentiation of Low Dose Ketamine Effects by Naltrexone: Potential Implications for the Pharmacotherapy of Alcoholism

Temporal processing dysfunction in schizophrenia

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