Fitness and evolution in clonal plants: the impact of clonal growth

Pan, Jean J.; Price, J T

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-1345-0_20

Cited by 64 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The significant variation among populations in above‐ : below‐ground allocation lends support to theoretical models describing genotypic selection in clonal plants, which can occur when genetic traits are associated with differential ramet production (Pan & Price 2001). However, evidence for local adaptation is inconclusive at this time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Positive and negative consequences of salinity stress for the growth and reproduction of the clonal plant, Iris hexagona

et al. 2003

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Summary1 Salinization is a growing environmental stress in wetland ecosystems world-wide. Several models have been proposed that predict clonal plant responses to stress, including that environmental stress stimulates sexual reproduction. 2 We conducted a common-garden experiment to investigate the effects of salinity on 10 natural populations of Iris hexagona , a clonal perennial endemic to freshwater and brackish wetlands of the North American Gulf Coast. 3 Salinity reduced vegetative growth but either increased or had neutral effects on sexual reproduction, consistent with the clonal stress hypothesis. Salinity of 4 µ g g − 1 more than doubled the number of seeds produced compared with freshwater controls, but flower number and seed mass were unaffected. 4 Salinity reduced total below-ground mass by nearly 50% compared with controls, with no significant change in rhizome numbers. 5 Plants from 10 randomly selected I. hexagona populations differed dramatically in growth and reproduction, independent of salinity. Total biomass that accumulated over the 20-month experiment ranged across all treatments from 52 to 892 g, and flower numbers varied from 2.3 to 11.3 per replicate. 6 Populations did not respond differently to salinity, except with respect to above-: below-ground ratios, thus providing no conclusive evidence for local adaptation to salinity stress. 7 Our results concur with published models of plant reproductive strategies in variable environments, in that environmental stress stimulated sexual reproduction at the expense of growth. However, these models do not predict the observed sharp decline in seed production at near lethal salinity levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Positive and negative consequences of salinity stress for the growth and reproduction of the clonal plant, Iris hexagona

et al. 2003

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“…). Although many plants can reproduce clonally and spread to a new habitat without seed production (Grace ; Pan & Price ), recruitment of seeds still remains important. This is illustrated by the current decline of plant species richness in Northwest Europe, which has partly been attributed to a reduction in seed mobility and establishment (Ozinga et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrology, shore morphology and species traits affect seed dispersal, germination and community assembly in shoreline plant communities

et al. 2014

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Summary1. Seed dispersal and germination are two primary processes influencing plant community assembly. On freshwater shores, water levels regulate both processes. However, it is still unclear how water levels, shore morphology and species traits interactively affect seed dispersal and germination, and how these interactions determine plant community assembly. We hypothesize that a drawdown water regime enhances seed establishment compared to a year-round stable water level, that this increases species richness and diversity, and that this is modulated by species traits and shore morphology. 2. Germination of 20 wetland plant species with different dispersal capacities (floating capacity expressed as seed floatation half-time) and soil moisture preferences for germination (Ellenberg F) was tested on artificial shores in 24 outdoor ponds in two complementary experiments over 8 weeks.The 'dispersal experiment' tested the effect of water regime on recruitment of hydrochorously dispersing seeds. The 'seed bank experiment' tested the effect of water regime on germination from a sown seed bank, on steep and gradual shores. 3. In the dispersal experiment, the drawdown regime increased recruitment and species richness. Longer floating species colonized a larger shoreline section. Soil moisture preference for germination did not determine colonization patterns. 4. In the seed bank experiment, the drawdown regime increased the number of seedlings on gradual sloping shores, but not on steep shores. The number of germinating seedlings corresponded to the area subjected to the drawdown regime in both shore types. Species richness was not affected by water regime or shore morphology, and species traits did not determine shoreline colonization. Most seeds germinated in moist soil conditions for all species. 5. Synthesis. A spring drawdown instead of stable water regime stimulates establishment of hydrochorously dispersing seeds in temperate wetlands, leading to higher species richness and diversity. Germination from the seed bank is more affected by water regime and shore surface than by the tested species traits. Species traits, water levels and shore morphology together determine wetland plant community assembly, with dispersal as the main driver of seedling community diversity. Water-level regulations and shore morphology can be used to influence plant communities in wetland restoration.

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“…In addition to additive genetic effects, clonal plants can transmit epistatic and dominance effects to their vegetative offspring (Pan & Price, 2001). Moreover, clonal carry‐over effects to vegetative offspring are possible (Schwaegerle et al.…”

Section: Direct Response To Selection On Spatial Spreadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental life-history evolution: selection on growth form and its plasticity in a clonal plant

Fischer

Kleunen

Schmid

2004

Journal of Evolutionary Biology

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The growth form along the continuum from compact phalanx plants to more loosely packed guerilla plants is an important life‐history trait in clonal plants. Prerequisite for its evolution is heritable genetic variation. Starting with 102 genotypes of the stoloniferous herb Ranunculus reptans, we performed one selection experiment on spatial spread per rosette as measure of guerillaness (broad‐sense heritability 0.198) and another on plasticity in this trait in response to competition (broad‐sense heritability 0.067). After two generations, spatial spread was 36.9% higher in the high line than in the low line (realized heritability ± SE 0.149 ± 0.039). Moreover, compared with the low line genotypes of the high line had fewer rosettes, a lower proportion of flowering rosettes, a higher proportion of rooted rosettes, more branches per rosette, longer internodes and longer leaves. In the second experiment, we found no significant direct response to selection for high and low plasticity in spatial spread (realized heritability ± SE −0.029 ± 0.063), despite a significant correlated response in plasticity in the length of the first three stolon internodes. Our study indicates a high potential for further evolution of the clonal growth form in R. reptans, but not for its plasticity, and it demonstrates that the clonal growth form does not evolve independently of other clonal life‐history characteristics.

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Fitness and evolution in clonal plants: the impact of clonal growth

Cited by 64 publications

References 58 publications

Positive and negative consequences of salinity stress for the growth and reproduction of the clonal plant, Iris hexagona

Positive and negative consequences of salinity stress for the growth and reproduction of the clonal plant, Iris hexagona

Hydrology, shore morphology and species traits affect seed dispersal, germination and community assembly in shoreline plant communities

Experimental life-history evolution: selection on growth form and its plasticity in a clonal plant

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