Fit Indices for Measurement Invariance Tests in the Thurstonian IRT Model

Lee, Hyesun; Smith, Weldon Zane

doi:10.1177/0146621619893785

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…To assume measurement invariance, the value assigned to (ΔCFI) must not be greater than 0.01. In this sense, it is possible to observe, through the ΔCFI values, that the scale structure is stable, with no response bias in the samples for the different groups (Lee and Smith, 2020).…”

Section: Measurement Invariancementioning

confidence: 90%

Consumer perception of brand equity based on environmental sustainability in the Amazon: development and validation of a scale

Diego

Holanda

2022

Preprint

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PurposeBrands gradually became the core dimension and strategic asset of branding for organizations of all sizes, and today many companies adopt various forms of green marketing activities as part of their strategies. The objective of this study was to investigate and develop the psychometric properties of precision and validity of a scale for brand evaluation equity based on the environmental sustainability of the Brazilian Amazon.Design/methodologyThe scale was validated by adopting the standards described in the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing APA. As samples for validation tests, eight companies were selected for among the ones who develop their business model in the Brazilian Amazon region. The data were applied to 262 potential consumers.Findings A scale with 22 items was constructed and validated, and after evaluation by the specialists, 22 items were obtained, divided into four dimensions: Brand quality perception — BQP (6 questions); Strategic Brand Positioning – SBP (10 questions); Willingness to purchase — WtB (3 questions) and Innovation in retail — INM (3 questions). Three items were modified because they presented the CVC at 0.8 and were accepted after the adjustments. The instrument items showed good internal consistency (0.877) regarding their domains. For DIF data, the scale invariably works for older and younger people for almost all items, except item INM 04.Research limitations/implicationsThis article fills the gap in the literature by developing a scale to assess consumer perception of brand equity and environmental sustainability. However, the findings are limited to the variation in the data collection. Considering the period of COVID-19 pandemic, most participants chose to fill in the scale online. Thus, the scale data are limited by the context in which the research was applied.Practical implicationsThe development and subsequent validation of the contextualized psychometric scale fills an important gap in the academic literature, providing a better understanding of the perception of potential consumers about the sustainable brand equity that generalist scales could not measure. Likewise, the scale provides essential information for brand entrepreneurs who aim to develop their products in a sustainable way, an important tool for managers to test and validate the extent to which new advertising materials demonstrate brand authenticity.Originality/ValueThe present study contributes to the directional and effective branding of brands related to environmental sustainability, mainly from tropical forests such as the Amazon rainforest. Furthermore, the findings suggest that the developed and validated cross-culturally instrument can be applied to potential consumers aged between 19 and 64 years of both sexes.

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Section: Measurement Invariancementioning

confidence: 90%

Consumer perception of brand equity based on environmental sustainability in the Amazon: development and validation of a scale

Diego

Holanda

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To assume measurement invariance, the value assigned to (ΔCFI) must not be greater than 0.01. It was observed, through the ΔCFI values, that the scale structure is stable, with no response bias in the samples for the different groups (Lee & Smith, 2020). The invariance data by multigroup con rmatory factor analysis (AFCMG), through the values of con gurable, metric, and scalar invariance, shows that the structures measured between the groups and the scalar units are the same for the groups studied since the values of difference from the Comparative Fit Index (ΔCFI) are below 0.01.…”

Section: Measurement Invariancementioning

confidence: 94%

Consumer perception of brand equity based on environmental sustainability - development and validation of a scale

Diego

Holanda

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Brands gradually became the core dimension and strategic asset of branding for organizations of all sizes, and today many companies adopt various forms of green marketing activities as part of their strategies. The objective of this study was to investigate and develop the psychometric properties of precision and validity of a scale for brand evaluation equity based on environmental sustainability. The scale was validated by adopting the standards described in the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing APA. As samples for validation tests, eight companies were selected from those developing their sustainable business. The data were applied to 262 potential consumers. A scale with 22 items was constructed and validated, and after evaluation by the specialists, 22 items were obtained, divided into four dimensions: Brand quality perception — BQP (6 questions); Strategic Brand Positioning – SBP (10 questions); Willingness to purchase — WtB (3 questions) and Innovation in retail — INM (3 questions). Three items were modified because they presented the CVC at 0.8 and were accepted after the adjustments. The instrument items showed good internal consistency (0.877) regarding their domains. For DIF data, the scale invariably works for older and younger people for almost all items, except item INM 04. This article fills the gap in the literature by developing a scale to assess consumer perception of brand equity and environmental sustainability.

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“…For the Likert‐scale data, χ 2 difference tests between two nested measurement models, such as between configural invariance and metric invariance, and between metric invariance and scalar invariance, were used (Millsap, 2011; Vandenberg, 2002). For the forced‐choice data, cutoffs values suggested in Lee and Smith (2020b) 5 were employed to determine measurement invariance; if a change in CFI between configural and metric invariance models is larger than 0.007, metric invariance is not met; if a change in CFI between metric and scalar invariance models is larger than 0.001 or larger than 0.004 in NCI, scalar invariance is not met. Changes in CFI and NCI were computed with the adjusted degrees of freedom due to the redundancy in each item block composed of three or more statements.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…55 χ 2 difference tests (deviance tests) are not readily available through the DIFTEST function in Mplus due to the adjustment in degrees of freedom for forced‐choice data (see Lee and Smith, 2020b, for technical details about measurement invariance tests for forced‐choice data).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of faking with the use of a forced‐choice personality test: Cross‐cultural comparisons between South Korea and the United States

Lee

2022

Int J Selection Assessment

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Forced-choice format tests have been suggested as an alternative to Likert-scale measures for personnel selection due to robustness to faking and response styles. This study compared degrees of faking occurring in Likert-scale and forced-choice five-factor personality tests between South Korea and the United States. Also, it was examined whether the forced-choice format was effective at reducing faking in both countries. Data were collected from 396 incumbents participating in both honest and applicant conditions (N SK = 179, N US = 217). Cohen's d values for within-subjects designs (ds within ) for between the two conditions were utilized to measure magnitudes of faking occurring in each format and country. In both countries, the degrees of faking occurring in the Likert-scale were larger than those from the forced-choice format, and the magnitudes of faking across five personality traits were larger in South Korea by from 0.07 to 0.12 in ds within .The forced-choice format appeared to successfully reduce faking for both countries as the average ds within decreased by 0.06 in both countries. However, the patterns of faking occurring in the forced-choice format varied between the two countries. In South Korea, degrees of faking in Openness and Conscientiousness increased, whereas those in Extraversion and Agreeableness were substantially decreased. Potential factors leading to trait-specific faking under the forced-choice format were discussed in relation to cultural influence on the perception of personality traits and score estimation in Thurstonian item response theory (IRT) models. Finally, the adverse impact of using forced-choice formats on multicultural selection settings was elaborated.

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Fit Indices for Measurement Invariance Tests in the Thurstonian IRT Model

Cited by 14 publications

References 41 publications

Consumer perception of brand equity based on environmental sustainability in the Amazon: development and validation of a scale

Consumer perception of brand equity based on environmental sustainability in the Amazon: development and validation of a scale

Consumer perception of brand equity based on environmental sustainability - development and validation of a scale

Reduction of faking with the use of a forced‐choice personality test: Cross‐cultural comparisons between South Korea and the United States

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