Fission chambers for neutron detection

Aves, R.; Barnes, D. C.; MacKenzie, R.

doi:10.1016/0891-3919(54)90003-0

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The chief disadvantage of fission counters for flux measurements is their low sensitivity, and considerable effort has been devoted to producing counters of the highest sensitivity practical. The spiral type of fission counter has been described by Rossi and Staub (1949), a nesting-cylinder type by Aves, Barnes, and MacKenzie (1954) and a recent multiple-plate type by Allen and Fergu¬ son (1955a). In this last counter a weight of 1.5 mg/cm2 of U235 gave an acceptable plateau which indicates approxi¬ mately the limit in coating individual plates.…”

Section: Fast Neutron Fluxmentioning

confidence: 94%

Measurement of neutron flux and spectra for physical and biological applications

1960

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Problems of the measurement of neutron radiation are discussed in two handbooks.Handbook 72, prepared by Subcommittee M-2(3), deals with the measurement of neutron radiation fields in terms of the physical character¬ istics of the field, such as number flux and energy spectrum. The second report, being prepared by Subcommittee M-3(l) on Measurements of Absorbed Dose of Neutrons and of Mixtures of Neutrons and Gamma Rays deals with methods of measurement of neutron radiation involving energy ab¬ sorption in matter. This second report is now being pre¬ pared for publication.The treatment of the subject in this Report is quite gen¬ eral. The information may, therefore, be of use in a wide variety of physical and biological problems in areas such as radiobiology, shielding and reactor physics, neutron stand¬ ards, and neutron nuclear physics.The initial preparation of this report was carried out by Task Group (3) of Subcommittee M-2. The Task Group consists of the following members:

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Section: Fast Neutron Fluxmentioning

confidence: 94%

Measurement of neutron flux and spectra for physical and biological applications

1960

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“…Since the target foil must be sufficiently thin to allow the fission fragments to escape, fission chambers are limited to a coating thickness of a 2-3 mg/cm 2 . 1 The small amount of fissionable material that can be applied to a target foil limits the detector's efficiency, so fission chambers require long measurement times in low-neutron-flux environments. The hundreds of nanoseconds required for the ionization chamber to collect charged particles also make fission chambers prone to pile-up in high-neutron-flux environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fissionable scintillator for neutron flux monitoring

et al. 2011

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Neutron flux from linear accelerators is conventionally monitored using ionization chambers containing one or more foils thinly coated with a fissionable or fissile material. Due to the long pulse rise times resulting from the ionization mechanism, fission chambers are prone to pulse pile-up in high-neutron-flux environments. In addition, their relatively low efficiencies result in extremely long counting times in low-flux environments. To ameliorate these effects, a novel type of neutron flux monitor, consisting of fissionable material loaded in a liquid scintillator, has been developed, characterized, and tested in the beam line at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. This is a rugged, cost-efficient detector with high efficiency, a short signal rise time, and the ability to be used in low neutron-flux environments. Compared with a conventional fission chamber, the fissionable scintillator displays a significantly higher event rate. Related research on nanocomposite scintillators for gamma-ray detection suggests the possibility of extending this approach by synthesizing fissionable material nanoparticles and loading them into an organic scintillator. We will present results of the design and characterization process and an analysis of the results of the beam line experiments.

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