Recent results of the searches for Supersymmetry in final states with one or two leptons at CMS are presented. Many Supersymmetry scenarios, including the Constrained Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (CMSSM), predict a substantial amount of events containing leptons, while the largest fraction of Standard Model background events -which are QCD interactions -gets strongly reduced by requiring isolated leptons. The analyzed data was taken in 2011 and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of approximately L = 1 fb −1 . The center-of-mass energy of the pp collisions was √ s = 7 TeV.
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This is an elementary, self-contained review of some peculiarities of quantum mechanics for 2+1 dimensional systems that are at least instructive and perhaps important. In particular, we argue that angular momentum need not be quantized and that statistics interpolating between Fermi and Bose statistics can be constructed. There are possible direct applications to collective excitations in solids and to cosmic strings, and an important moral lesson regarding the “wave function of the universe.”
The contribution of explicit field terms appearing in the Lagrangian (Chern-Simons terms and θ-terms) to the calculation of particle statistics is analyzed. The Chern-Simons term halves the contribution of current-field coupling terms in 2 + 1 dimensions. The effect of the θ-term in 3 + 1 dimensions is contrasted. In both cases, observational differences between fundamental and induced charges arise. The factor 1/2 is necessary to reconcile Paranjape's result on the angular momentum (L = 1/4) of a vortex in minimal massive QED with the general spin-statistics connection. Issues related to the (non)screening of the statistical interaction, ultraviolet sensitivity of induced statistics, and duality in the quantized Hall effect are mentioned. It is shown in passing that quite harmless-looking field theories generically contain particles with exotic statistics.
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