Fish innate immunity against intestinal helminths

Dezfuli, Bahram Sayyaf; Bosi, G.; DePasquale, Joseph A.; Manera, Maurizio; Giari, Luisa

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2016.02.002

Cited by 73 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 183 publications

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“…It is reasonable to concur with the statement of Secombes & Chappell [39] and Franke et al [40] that the successful infection of helminths largely depends on their capacity to evade and/or manipulate the generally efficient immune system of hosts. In recent years there has been a renaissance in the study of fish immune responses [27, 41–43], which significantly expanded our knowledge of the evolution and diversification of the vertebrate immune system [44, 45]. Innate immunity in teleosts relies on a range of cell types [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MCs are motile [25, 48] and are often strategically positioned at perivascular sites to regulate inflammation, to encounter invading organisms and to orchestrate a response [27, 42, 48–51]. MCs degranulate in response to a variety of pathogens [50, 52] and known degranulating agents [42, 53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MCs play an important role in responding to inflammation [41] and their numbers increase as a consequence of helminth infection in fish intestine [20, 27, 55] as well as in parasitized liver [13, 22, 56]. Numerous MCs were noticed to be in close contact with capillaries and the outer layer of the endothelia as well as within the lumen of the blood vessels in an infected organ [27, 57, 58]. Similar findings were found in liver and pancreas of Phoxinus phoxinus infected with larvae of the nematode Raphidascaris acus [13], consistent with G. inaequilabiatus liver harbouring Brevimulticaecum sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data on numerous fish-helminth systems suggest that RCs represent an inflammatory cell type closely linked to other piscine immune cells (e.g. MCs and epithelioid cells) [13, 20, 25, 27, 31]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In response to infection, a variety of cells become activated and cooperate in an effort to control and eliminate the invading pathogens [24]. In fish, the innate defences responding to helminth infection commonly involve mast cells (MCs) [20, 25–27], macrophage aggregates (MAs) or melano-macrophage centres [22, 27, 28], neutrophils [29, 30] and rodlet cells (RCs) [27, 31]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nematode infection in liver of the fish Gymnotus inaequilabiatus (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae) from the Pantanal Region in Brazil: pathobiology and inflammatory response

et al. 2016

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BackgroundA survey on endoparasitic helminths from freshwater fishes in the Pantanal Region (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil) revealed the occurrence of third-larval stage of the nematode Brevimulticaecum sp. (Heterocheilidae) in most organs of Gymnotus inaequilabiatus (Gymnotidae) also known by the local name tuvira. The aim of the present study was to examine Brevimulticaecum sp.-infected tuvira liver at the ultrastructural level and clarify the nature of granulomas and the cellular elements involved in the immune response to nematode larvae.MethodsThirty-eight adult specimens of tuvira from Porto Morrinho, were acquired in January and March 2016. Infected and uninfected liver tissues were fixed and prepared for histological and ultrastructure investigations.ResultsThe prevalence of infection of tuvira liver by the nematode larvae was 95 %, with an intensity of infection ranging from 4 to 343 larvae (mean ± SD: 55.31 ± 73.94 larvae per liver). In livers with high numbers of nematode larvae, almost entire hepatic tissue was occupied by the parasites. Hepatocytes showed slight to mild degenerative changes and accumulation of pigments. Parasite larvae were surrounded by round to oval granulomas, the result of focal host tissue response to the infection. Each granuloma was typically formed by three concentric layers: an outer layer of fibrous connective tissue with thin elongated fibroblasts; a middle layer of mast cells entrapped in a thin fibroblast-connective mesh; and an inner layer of densely packed epithelioid cells, displaying numerous desmosomes between each other. Numerous macrophage aggregates occurred in the granulomas and in the parenchyma.ConclusionsOur results in tuvira showed that the larvae were efficiently sequestered within the granulomas, most of the inflammatory components were confined within the thickness of the granuloma, and the parenchyma was relatively free of immune cells and without fibrosis. Presumably this focal encapsulation of the parasites permits uninfected portions of liver to maintain its functions and allows the survival of the host.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Nematode infection in liver of the fish Gymnotus inaequilabiatus (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae) from the Pantanal Region in Brazil: pathobiology and inflammatory response

et al. 2016

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Animal Parasites

Zaman,

Rizwan,

Sultana

et al. 2023

Parasitic Infections

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Smart Chemical Engineering‐Based Lightweight and Miniaturized Attachable Systems for Advanced Drug Delivery and Diagnostics

Chen

Wang

et al. 2021

Advanced Materials

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Smart attachable systems have attracted much attention owing to their capabilities in terms of body performance evaluation, disease diagnostics, and drug delivery. Recent advances in chemical and engineering techniques provide many opportunities to improve device fabrication and applications owing to the advantages of being lightweight and easy to control as well as their battery absence and functional diversity. This review highlights the latest developments in the field of chemical engineering‐based lightweight and miniaturized attachable systems, which are mainly inspired by the natural world. Their applications for real‐time monitoring, point‐of‐care sampling, biomarker detection, and controlled release are discussed thoroughly with respect to specific products/prototypes. The perspectives of the field, including persistence guarantee, burden reduction, and personality improvement, are also discussed. It is believed that chemical engineering‐based lightweight and miniaturized attachable systems have good potential in both clinical and industrial fields, indicating a large potential to improve human lives in the near future.

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Fish innate immunity against intestinal helminths

Cited by 73 publications

References 183 publications

Nematode infection in liver of the fish Gymnotus inaequilabiatus (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae) from the Pantanal Region in Brazil: pathobiology and inflammatory response

Nematode infection in liver of the fish Gymnotus inaequilabiatus (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae) from the Pantanal Region in Brazil: pathobiology and inflammatory response

Animal Parasites

Smart Chemical Engineering‐Based Lightweight and Miniaturized Attachable Systems for Advanced Drug Delivery and Diagnostics

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