Fish In, Fish Out: Perception of Sustainability and Contribution to Public Health

Byelashov, Oleksandr A.; Griffin, Mark E.

doi:10.1080/03632415.2014.967765

Cited by 22 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…As an example, the typical salmon feed contains 30% of fishmeal and 20% of fish oil. In general, one ton of forage fish was condensed to 225 kg of fishmeal and 50 kg of fish oil (Byelashov & Griffin, ). Thus, according to Tacon and Metian (), 150 kg of fishmeal is used during the production of 250 kg of salmon feed and FIFO ratio for salmon is 5:1.…”

Section: Fish‐in/fish‐out Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Fishmeal availability in the scenarios of climate change: Inevitability of fishmeal replacement in aquafeeds and approaches for the utilization of plant protein sources

Jannathulla

Rajaram²,

Kalanjiam³

et al. 2019

Aquac Res

156

108

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Fishmeal is being trusted as the most reliable protein source due to its nutritional quality in terms of attractability, palatability, digestibility, excellent nutrient profiles to fulfil the dietary requirement of aquatic species. The aquaculture sector consumes >70% of global fishmeal, though aqua feeds constitute only 4% in total industrial feed production (900-1,000 Mt in 2018). The global fishmeal production has shown a downward trend of 26.50% during 2000 to 2018 due to the occurrences of El Niño-Southern Oscillationsand other climatic events, which in turn increased the fishmeal price from 452 USD/t (2000) to 1596.54 USD/t (2018). The increasing trend of aquaculture production along with reduced fish-in/fish-out ratios (0.63 in 2000 to 0.33, 0.22 in 2010 and 2015 respectively) indicates the resilience of the aquafeed sector for fishmeal replacement. The wide availability, reasonable price and reliable nutrient content made an interest in plant protein sources, but their utilization was limited due to poor digestibility, imbalanced profiles of essential nutrients and the presence of anti-nutrients. Numerous methodologies are invented in recent times to enrich the nutritional qualities for maximizing the utilization of plant proteins in aquafeed formulations. The present review concludes that the aquafeed sector should use climate economics and technological innovations for substituting fishmeal to formulate the cost-effective feeds. K E Y W O R D Sclimate change, fermentation, fishmeal, input, output ratio, plant protein sources, shrimp feed

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Section: Fish‐in/fish‐out Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Fishmeal availability in the scenarios of climate change: Inevitability of fishmeal replacement in aquafeeds and approaches for the utilization of plant protein sources

Jannathulla

Rajaram²,

Kalanjiam³

et al. 2019

Aquac Res

156

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…FM price reached its maximu m value of 2,388$/ton in December 2014 and this continuous rise leads the use of cheaper feed ingredients, such as plant products, which would allow the aquafeed industry to maintain the feed price low and stable. Further, sustainability of aquaculture is beco ming a demanded prio rity for consumers and public opinion, and the overexp loitation of ocean resources is one of the critical point of the thorny debate (Byelashov & Griffin, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Vasconi¹,

Caprino²,

Bellagamba³

et al. 2017

Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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The aquafeed industry is facing the lack of availability of fish meal and oil. The need of an economic and environmental sustainability has increased the use of plant-derived oils. In order to provide an overview of which ingredients are the most frequently used in GSB diet and as they affect the lipid composition of aquafeeds , we analyzed 26 feed samples collected from farmers. At the same time, 44 farmed GSB were analyzed to compare the fatty acid (FA) composition with 21 wild GSB and 46 GSB farmed in 2005. Twenty -four different ingredients were declared in the analyzed feeds. Fish meal and oil were present in all samples, even if they were not the principal protein and lipid source in the analyzed feeds. If we consider the FA n-3/n-6 ratio, feeds presented a range from the lowest value of 0.35, to the maximum of 2.26. Concerning fish FA, 2014-farmed GSB presented an increased difference with wild GSB, if compared with those reared in 2005, due to the higher presence of oleic and linoleic acid. Our study confirms the increase of use of plant ingredients in aquafeeds and the decrease of the fish meal and oil inclusion in feeds.

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“…Therefore, when assessing the animal welfare impacts of aquaculture, we must include both the farmed fish and the numerous wild-caught fish connected with producing it. We calculated that for the production of one farmed salmon, up to 350 wild-caught fish are used as feed, and so the welfare of those individuals must also be considered 36 . The vast majority of fish caught from the wild suffer immensely during the processes of catching, landing and killing 37 .…”

Section: Wild-caught Fish Fishmeal and Fish Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish welfare: an NGO’s point of view

Lara

Boyland

2019

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Fish are the most exploited, forgotten and misunderstood animals on the planet. They also are extraordinary creatures: complex, intelligent, sensitive, curious, and some of them have amazing abilities. For instance; some use tools, have a good memory, or collaborate to hunt. And most importantly, they are sentient, and they feel pain. Aquaculture has become the main supplier of fish worldwide, accounting for just over half of the fish eaten by humans due to static global wild-capture stocks, which have been overfished for decades. Also, global consumption of fish has doubled since the early 1970s and will continue to grow with population growth in the developing world. However, the aquaculture industry has developed without proper consideration of the needs of the fish species farmed, and the welfare consequences for those animals. Moreover, the rapid growth of aquaculture has raises major sustainability concerns due to its continued reliance on wild-caught fish. Annually, 0.5-1.0 trillion fish are caught to be reduced to ingredients to feed farmed animals, mainly fish. When considering the negative environmental consequences of using wild-caught fish as feed, we must not overlook the huge animal welfare impact that represents for the huge number of animals involved. Compassion in World Farming is working to raise awareness about fish sentience and the welfare problems that aquaculture industry represents for fish welfare. The way that fish are treated is important and we must do it better.

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Fish In, Fish Out: Perception of Sustainability and Contribution to Public Health

Cited by 22 publications

References 13 publications

Fishmeal availability in the scenarios of climate change: Inevitability of fishmeal replacement in aquafeeds and approaches for the utilization of plant protein sources

Fishmeal availability in the scenarios of climate change: Inevitability of fishmeal replacement in aquafeeds and approaches for the utilization of plant protein sources

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Fish welfare: an NGO’s point of view

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